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NURS 1260 > Pharm Quiz > Flashcards

Pharm Quiz Flashcards

(88 cards)

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1
Q

Acetaminophen trade name

A

Tylenol

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2
Q

Tylenol generic name

A

Acetaminophen

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3
Q

Acetaminophen therapeutic drug class (2)

A

Antipyretics (fever reduction) and Non-opioid Analgesiscs

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4
Q

Acetaminophen indications (2)

A

Mild pain and Fever

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5
Q

Acetaminophen action

A

Inhibit synthesis of prostaglandins (pain and fever mediation)

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6
Q

Acetaminophen desired action (2)

A

Analgesia, Antipyresis

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7
Q

Acetaminophen side effects (2)

A

Hepatotoxicity, Rash

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8
Q

Why is Miki taking Acetaminophen reason and cause

A

Minor aches
- Back pain from previous spinal compression fracture
- Pain associated with pressure injury to buttocks

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9
Q

Side effects experienced by Miki (acetaminophen)

A

None

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10
Q

Important to know about Miki (acetaminophen)

A

-Difficulty swallowing
-Client taking ASA may lead to higher risk of adverse renal effects

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11
Q

Nursing actions related to acetaminophen

A

-pain assessment
-Assess alcohol usage
-Assess rash
-Assess for other medications (contraindications)
-patient education
-swallow assessment
-assess for adverse effects
-assess for fever

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12
Q

What does the Miki need to know about Acetaminophen

A

-Patient education: no alcohol
-possible contraindications
-if pain doesn’t subside, inform HCP
-Inform HCP if a rash appears or if discomfort/fever is not relieved

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13
Q

Calcium Carbonate trade names (7)

A

Apo-cal, Calcite, Calglycine, Calsan, Mylanta Lozenges, Nu-Cal, Tums

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14
Q

Apo-cal, Calcite, Calglycine, Calsan, Mylanta Lozenges, Nu-Cal, Tums generic name

A

Calcium Carbonate

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15
Q

Calcium Carbonate therapeutic drug class

A

Mineral and electrolyte replacement/supplements

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16
Q

Calcium Carbonate pharmacological class

A

Antacids

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17
Q

Calcium Carbonate indications (4)

A

-Treatment and prevention of hypocalcemia

-Adjunct in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis

-Relief of acid indigestion or heartburn

-Treatment of hyperphosphatemia in end-stage renal disease

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18
Q

Calcium Carbonate action (2)

A

-Important for proper functioning of nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems
-Calcium is an activator in sending nerve signals throughout the body (i.e. muscle contraction and sensory perception)

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19
Q

Calcium Carbonate effect

A

Treats calcium deficiency and controls phosphate levels in blood to prevent hyperphosphatemia in end stage renal disease, without promoting aluminum absorption

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20
Q

Calcium Carbonate side effects
(2) Most frequent
(7) Critical

A

Most Frequent: Arrhythmia and constipation

Critical: Arrhythmias, bradycardia, constipation, nausea, vomiting, calculi (kidney stones), hypercalciuria (excess calcium in urine)

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21
Q

Why is Miki taking calcium carbonate

A

Osteoporosis and preventing further bone mass loss

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22
Q

Side effects experienced by Miki (calcium carbonate)

A

Drug may be causing constipation

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23
Q

Important to know about Miki (calcium carbonate)

A

Miki is diagnosed with osteoporosis, history of spinal compression fracture, lost height, hunched

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24
Q

Nursing actions related to Calcium Carbonate (3)

A

-monitor and observe client for any signs of hypocalcemia

-monitor for arrhythmias, bradycardia, hypercalciuria

-Assess for abdominal discomfort

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25
What does Miki need to know about Calcium Carbonate (4)
-If enteric coated tablet, wait at least 1 hour after taking calcium carbonate before takinging these tablets to prevent enteric coating from dissolving prematurely -Advise client that this drug may cause constipation and to prevent it by increasing fluid intake and/or use laxatives -Instruct client to avoid foods high in oxalic acid, phytic acid, phosphorous because it may lead to nausea, vomiting, headache, confusion -Avoid tobacco and alcohol or caffeine
26
Omeprazole trade name
Losec
27
Losec generic name
Omeprazole
27
Omeprazole therapeutic drug class
Antiulcer agents
27
Omeprazole pharmacologic drug class
Proton-pump inhibitors
27
Omeprazole indications (6)
-GERD -Duodenal Ulcers -OTC (heartburn occurring >twice/wk) -Reduction of GI bleeding in critically ill patients -Pathologic hypersecretory conditions -Short term treatment of benign gastric ulcer
28
Omeprazole Action
Bind to enzymes in gastric cells in gastric acid, preventing transport of hydrogen ions into the gastric lumen
29
Omeprazole Effect (3)
-Decrease acid in gastric lumen -Decrease gastroesophageal reflux -Healing of duodenal ulcers
30
Omeprazole side effects (1) Frequent (6) Critical
Most frequent: Abdominal pain Critical: -acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis - drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) -Stevens-Johnsons Syndrome -toxic epidermal necrolysis -Clostrdiodes difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) -Hypersensitivity reactions (i.e. anaphylaxis)
31
Why is Miki taking Omeprazole
GERD
32
Side effects (omeprazole) (2)
Dizziness, occult blood,
33
Nursing actions (omeprazole) (4)
- Assess for epigastric or abdominal pain - Monitor bowel movement for blood - Report diarrhea, abdominal cramping, fever - Administer drug 30 mins before meals
34
What does Miki need to know (Omeprazole) (4)
- Do not double dose if misses one - Avoid driving or other activities requiring alertness because medication may cause dizziness - No alcohol, no products containing aspirin or NSAIDS - Notify HCP of onset of black stools, diarrhea, abdominal pain, persistent headache, fever
35
Alendronate trade name (2)
Binosto and Fosamax
36
Binosto and Fosamax generic name
Alendronate
37
Alendronate Therapeutic drug class
Bone resorption inhibitors
38
Alendronate pharmacologic drug class
Bisphophonates
39
Alendronate indications (3)
- Treatment and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis - Treatment of Paget's disease of the bone - Treatment of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis in patients who are receiving 7.5 mg of prednisone/day (or equivalent) with evidence of decreased bone mineral density
40
Alendronate action
Inhibits resorption of bone by inhibiting osteoclast activity
41
Alendronate therapeutic effects (2)
- Reversal of the progression of osteoporosis with decreased fractures - Decreased progression of Paget's disease
42
Alendronate Side effects (1) Frequent (No critical, 10 listed other)
Frequent: Musculoskeletal pain Other: Atrial fibrillation, erythema, rash, blurred vision, Abdominal pain, acid regurgitation, Constipation, diarrhea, headache, asthma exarcebation
43
Why is Miki taking Alendronate
Osteoporosis
44
Side effects Miki has experienced from Alendronate (2)
- Minor aches -GERD symptoms
45
What is important to know about Miki (Alendronate) (5)
- Osteoporosis for 10 yrs - Also taking calcium carbonate - difficulty swallowing due to stroke - cannot sit up in wheelchair for long due to pain - Client is taking ASA and Omeprazole
46
Nursing actions (Alendronate) (5)
- Education (take meds on empty stomach in the morning) - Pain Assessment - Assess mobility - Swallow assessment - Ensure client has nutrient rich diet with Vit D and Calcium
47
What does Miki need to know about (Alendronate) (4)
- Should be taken first thing in the morning with water 30 mins before any other medications, beverages, or food - Client should remain sitting upright for 30 mins after taking medication to facilitate passage to stomach - Do not double dose or take later in the day; skip dose and resume the next morning - Notify HCP if blurred vision, eye pain, or inflammation occur
48
Timolol trade name (eyedrop)
Timoptic
49
Timoptic generic name
Timolol
50
Timolol pharmacological class
Beta Blockers
51
Timolol therapeutic class (2)
Antihypertensives, vascular headache suppression
52
Timolol indications (4)
- Open-angle glaucoma - other forms of ocular hypertension - Prevention of migraine headaches - Prevention of MI
53
Timolol Action (2)
- Decrease formation of aqueous humour - Blocks stimulation of beta1 and beta2 receptor sites
54
Timolol Effect (2)
- Reduced intraocular pressure - Treatment of open-angle glaucoma
55
Timolol side effects (4) common (4) critical
Common: Decreased visual acuity, Ocular burning, Conjunctivitis, Rash Critical: Heart failure, Bradycardia, Anaphylaxis, Arrhythmia
56
Why is Miki taking timolol (2)
- Client has history of repeated vision loss - Possible open angle glaucoma or some form of ocular hypertension
57
What is important to know about Miki in relation to Timolol (3)
- Older adult so more sensitive to beta blockers - Client never filled out prescription - Client is also taking Ramipril (another antihypertensive) so there is potential for additive cardiovascular effect
58
What are the nursing actions related to Timolol (4)
- Assess client's eye before administration for discolouration, discharge, swelling, pain - After admin, assess client's PERRLA for any side effects of the eyedrops - Monitor client's BP for any significant changes (monitor potential interaction with Ramipril) - Assess client for any pain after administering eye drops
59
What does Miki need to know about Timolol (3)
- The eye drops are to help with her vision - Notify HCP if slow pulse, difficulty breathing, wheezing, cold hands and feet, dizziness, confusion, depression, rash, fever, sore throat, unusual bleeding, or bruising occurs - The client may experience blurred vision, dry eyes
60
Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA) trade name
Aspirin
61
Aspiring generic name
Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA)
62
ASA pharmacological class (2)
Salicylates, NSAIDS
63
ASA Therapeutic class (3)
Antiplatelet agents, antipyretics, nonopioid analgesics
64
ASA indications (4)
- Inflammatory disorders including: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis - Mild to moderate pain - Fever - Prophylaxis of transient ischemic attacks and MI
65
ASA Action (3)
- Produce analgesia - Reduce inflammation and fever by inhibiting prostaglandin production - Decrease platelet aggregation
66
ASA Therapeutic effect (4)
- Analgesia - Reduction of inflammation - Reduction of fever - Decreased incidence of transient ischemic attacks and MI
67
ASA side effects (3) Critical (3) Frequent
Critical: - Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) - GI Bleeding - Hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylaxis and laryngeal edema) Frequent: - Dyspepsia - Epigastric distress - Nausea
68
Why is Miki taking ASA (2)
- Pain management (could be related to osteoporosis as well as hemiparesis) - To reduce risk of further strokes
69
Side effects experienced because of ASA (3)
- Dark stool could indicate GI bleeding - Possible interaction with GERD -Could be amplifying epigastric pain and dyspepsia
70
What is important to know about Miki in relation to ASA (5)
- If the client has history of GI bleeding or Ulcer disease - If history of hepatic or renal disease - Client's history with alcohol - Check for interactions with natural products containing garlic, ginger, ginkgo, ginseng (increases anticoagulant effect and bleeding risk) - Client has difficulty swallowing
71
What are the nursing actions related to this medication
- Swallow assessment - vitals before and after - pain assessment before and after - Assess stool for signs of GI bleeding - Instruct to take with a full glass of water and remain upright for 30 mins after administration - Assess for fever - Educate client on the importance of following procedure
72
What does the client need to know about this medication (3)
- Dose - May experience dyspepsia, epigastric distress, nausea - Avoid excessive alcohol consumption to minimize gastric irritation
73
Ramipril trade name
Altace
74
Altace generic name
Ramipril
75
Ramipril therapeutic class
Antihypertensives
76
Ramipril Pharmacological class
Ace inhibitors
77
Ramipril Indications (3)
- Hypertension management - Reduction of risk of MI, stroke, or death from CV causes in patients at least 55 years of age who are at risk because of a stroke, diabetes accompanied by one other CV risk factor, other CVD - Reduction of risk of death, heart failure related hospitalizations, and progression of heart failure in patients with signs of heart failure following MI
78
Ramipril action (3)
- ACE inhibitors bloc conversion of angiotensin1 to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin2 - Prevent degradation of bradykinin and other vasodilatory prostaglandins - ACE inhibitors also increase plasma renin levels and decrease aldosterone levels = systemic vasodilation
79
Ramipril therapeutic effects (3)
- Lower BP in hypertensive patients - Decreased risk of MI, stroke, or death from CV causes in high risk patients - Increased survival and decreased heart failure progression after MI
80
Ramipril side effects (1) Critical (2) Frequent
Critical: Angioedema Frequent: Hypotension, Cough
81
Why is Miki taking Ramipril
Client experienced Stroke
82
What side effects have been experienced by the client (2)
- Musculoskeletal pain - Back pain
83
Important to know about Miki in relation to Ramipril (4)
- Reason for taking meds (reduce risk of MI, Stroke, death from CV) -age -difficulty swallowing -Client is also taking ASA to prevent MI
84
What are the nursing actions related to Ramipril (7)
- Monitor BP and pulse frequently initially and periodically during therapy - Swallow assessment - Patient education - Assess for angioedema - Review family history - Move patient slowly -Sprinkle PO capsule on apple sauce for difficulty swallowing
85
What does Miki need to know about ramipril (3)
- Take medication as directed at the same time each day. - Missed doses should be taken immediately unless the next dose is soon -Notify HCP if rash, mouth sores, sore throat, fever, swelling, irregular heartbeat, chest pain, dry cough, difficulty swallowing or breathing

NURS 1260 (1 decks)

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