Pharm - Viral Shit

Question 1

What is the treatment for influenza A and B viruses? include route

Answer 1

Oseltamivir (PO)

Zanamivir (inhaled)

Question 2

What drugs is used for influenza A only? include route

Answer 2

Amantadine and Rimantadine, both PO

Question 3

What is the treatment for RSV? and route

Answer 3

Ribavirin (inhalation, IV)

Question 4

what is the treatment for adenovirus? route

Answer 4

Cidofovir (IV)

Question 5

what is the treatment for Rhinovirus?

Answer 5

none listed

Question 6

what is the treatment of enteroviruses?

Answer 6

none (get fucked)

Question 7

what is the treatment for human metapneumovirus

Answer 7

Ribavirin (IV)

Question 8

what is the treatment for Hantavirus?

Answer 8

Ribavirin (IV)

Question 9

what is the drug(s) for Varicella zoster virus? and routes

Answer 9

Acyclovir (IV)

Valcyclovir (PO)

Question 10

Acyclovir MOA

Answer 10

inhibition of viral DNA synthesis (DNA polymerase inhibition)

Question 11

Amantadine MOA

Answer 11

inhibition of viral entry or uncoating (M2 channel blocker)

Question 12

Cidofovir MOA

Answer 12

inhibition of viral DNA synthesis (DNA polymerase inhibition)

Question 13

Oseltamivir MOA

Answer 13

inhibition of release of influenza virus from infected cell (neuraminidase inhibitor)

Question 14

Ribavirin MOA

Answer 14

inhibition of viral nucleic acid synthesis

Question 15

Rimantadine MOA

Answer 15

inhibition of viral entry or uncoating (M2 channel inhibitor)

Question 16

Valacyclovir MOA

Answer 16

pro-drug for acyclovir

Question 17

Zanamivir MOA

Answer 17

inhibition of release of influenza from infected cell

Question 18

Acyclovir metabolism to get activated - think activation by human or activation by virus

Answer 18

viral cells transform acyclovir to its active triphosphate form

Question 19

Cidofovir metabolism to get activated - virus or human

Answer 19

metabolized via pyrimidine nucleoside monophosphate kinase (in the human) to mono- and then diphosphate analogs and finally to the monophosphate choline

Question 20

Oseltamavir metabolism to get activated - virus or human

Answer 20

hepatically metabolized to the carboxylate active form of the drug

Question 21

Ribavirin metabolism to get activated

Answer 21

undergoes non-CYP metabolism in nucleated cells

Question 22

Valacyclovir metabolism to get activated

Answer 22

converted to acyclovir by 1st pass metabolism

Question 23

in general, how are the antivirals eliminated?

Answer 23

renally

Question 24

Toxicity of acyclovir? what pt group should you use caution in and what to do to prevent?

Answer 24

HA, nauseau, elevated hepatic enzymes, nasopharyngitis, neutropenia
use cautiously in renal impairment - maintain hydration to prevent renal precipitation

Question 25

toxicity of Amantadine? what pt groups is it contraindicated in?

Answer 25

neurologic, nausea, orthostatic hypotension | contraindicated in narrow angle glaucoma and with breastfeeding

Question 26

toxicity of Cidofovir and what important BBW does it carry?

Answer 26

neurologic, hematologic and tubular damage | BBW - renal impairment and toxicity

Question 27

Oseltamavir toxicity, and potential fatal adverse effect

Answer 27

minimal adverse effects | potential for fatal neuropsychiatric adverse effects in flu patients; serious skin reaction reported rarely

Question 28

toxicity of Ribavirin, and impt BBW

Answer 28

common - fatigue, HA, myalgia, nausea, fever | BBW - hemolytic anemia and M/F teratogenicity

Question 29

toxicity of Rimantadine

Answer 29

minimal adv effects

Question 30

toxicity of valacyclovir

Answer 30

same as acyclovir

Question 31

toxicity of Znamivir and what important contraindication

Answer 31

HA, throat/tonsil pain, cough, viral infection | NOT to be used w/ underlying pulmonary disease - fatal bronchospasm