PHARM_MISC Flashcards
(28 cards)
Name the 2 trichogenic agents
minoxidil
finasteride
what are the 2 pigmentation therapies?
hydroquinone/Fluocinolone/Tretinoin (makes you lighter)
Methoxsalen (makes you darker)
Name the antitrichogenic agent
eflornithine
minoxidil MOA
Mechanism for hair re-growth is unknown (may activate the hair follicle directly or stimulate follicular microcirculation, may alter androgen metab.)
-also potent oral vasodilator for hypertension
how would a pt experience systemic effects of minoxidil?
skin abrasion or cut will increased systemic absorption
MOA of finastride
testosterone analog that blocks 5-alpha-reductase activity and decreased serum dihydrotestosterone (DHT)
what are 2 indications for finasteride?
treats hair loss
treats BPH
what is a notable adverse effect of finasteride?
sexual dysfunction, loss of libido, feminization
what is an important contraindication for finasteride?
take finasteride w/ saw palmetto (has same MOA)
MOA of eflornithine
mechanism related to decreased ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) which inhibits a mandatory step in poly amine production–>decreased nucleic acid synth., cell div. & differentiation
what is eflornithine indicated for?
topical drug to reduce unwanted female facial hair
where do you apply eflornithine
only in facial and chin areas, do not apply around eyes or to mucous membranes
how does eflornithine also have trypanostatic action?
used a IV treatment for sleeping sickness
-deprives trypanosomes of ODC and polyamine synth. for a prolonged period
what is the combination of fuocinolone, hydroquinone, and tretinoin used for?
temporary relief of facial skin darkening by hormonal changes , pregnancy, OCs, or HRT
what is the function of flocinolone in Tri-Luma?
anti-inflammatory corticosteroid
what is the function of hydroquinone in Tri-luma?
retinoic acid analog that inhibits melanin formation blocking melanocyte enzymatic oxidation of tyrosine to 3,4-DOPA
what is the function of tretinoin in Tri-luma?
hydroquinine analog, a melanocyte inhibitor
also modulates skin groth and ipgmentation
what is a notable adverse effect of fluocinolone, hydroquinone and tretinoin therapy?
increased sensitivity to UV, protection necessary
what is methoxsalen used for?
its an oral and topical pigmenting agent (makes you darker)
-used for vitiligo, symptomatic relief of psoriasis, cutaneous t-cell lymphoma, alopecia ,inflammatory dermatosies, eczema, and lichen planus
what is the MOA of Methoxsalen?
activated by exposure to UVA and conjugates and cross-links DNA–> cell death (delayed erythema followed over several wks by increased epidermal melanization and thickening of the stratum corneum)
how does methoxsalen work in vitiligo?
melanocytes in hair follicle are stimulated to move up the follicle and repopulate the epidermis
how does methoxsalen work in T-cell lymphoma (mycoses fungoides)
the photodamage causes a decrease in cell proliferation
about how long does complete hair loss take in chemotherapy induced alopecia?
2-3 onths
what is the bulge of hair follicles?
origin of future matrix cells and thus hair follicles
