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MMU Nursing Pharmacology > Pharma > Flashcards

Pharma Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacodynamics are the effect..

A

drugs have on the body

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2
Q

Pharmacokinetics are actions..

A

the body takes on drugs

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3
Q

ADME stands for

A

absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion

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4
Q

Statins are used to..

A

lower LDL cholesterol
reduce heart attack
reduce stroke

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5
Q

Common statins are

A

Simvastatin
atorvastatin
fluvastatin

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6
Q

Statins work by..

A

slowing production of LDL in the liver so that more is taken from the body to produce bile

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7
Q

Side effects of statins

A

diarrhoea
headaches
nausea
myopathy
kidney damage

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8
Q

Considerations for statins

A

liver function
kidney function
pregnancy and breastfeeding
being over 70
liver disease
alcohol consumption
hypothyroidism

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9
Q

Levothyroxine is used to treat

A

hypothyroidism

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10
Q

Side effects of omeprazole are

A

headaches
diarrhoea
stomach pain

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11
Q

amlodipine works by

A

blocking Ca channels

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12
Q

amlodipine is used to treat

A

hypertension

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13
Q

Side effects of amlodipine

A

headaches
flushing
swollen ankles
feeling dizzy
tiredness

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14
Q

Why is age considered during prescription

A

eGFR should be above 90ml/min. This affects how quickly a drug is excreted, changing dosage and toxicity levels

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15
Q

Factors for human error

A

device or product design, physical working environment, physical demands, interruptions, distractions, hunger, stress

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16
Q

Policies to improve patient safety

A

NHS patient safety strategy
NHS improvement
CQC
NMC

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17
Q

The MCA states a person is unable to make a decision if

A

they cannot understand information
retain information for long enough
weigh up information
communicate their decision

18
Q

What information does a MAR sheet have

A

conditions of prescription, location, limitations and dosage

19
Q

What medications are time-critical

A

parenteral antibiotics
insulin
parkinsons
opioid analgesia
anticoagulants
antiepileptics

20
Q

Common uses for antibiotics

A

respiratory infections
skin infections
gastrointestinal infections
surgical prophylaxis

21
Q

When should prescribed antimicrobials be reviewed

A

after 48-72 hours

22
Q

What is common law based on

A

Principles of necessity, actions of duty of care - taken appropriately and proportionally

23
Q

The 4 principles of ethics

A

beneficence
autonomy
non-maleficence
justice

24
Q

Diazepam is used for

A

anxiety
muscle spasm
seizures
alcohol withdrawal symptoms
relaxant

25
Q

Considerations for Diazepam

A

Liver and kidney function
myasthenia gravis
sleep apnoea
depression
personality disorder
arteriosclerosis
pregnancy
age over 65

26
Q

Common side effects of Diazepam

A

feeling sleepy or drowsy
confusion
coordination problems
hand tremors
jaundice
hallucinations
delusions
unusual mood changes

27
Q

Examples of SSRIs are

A

setraline
fluoxetine
citalopram

28
Q

SNRI stands for

A

serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors

29
Q

SNRIs are used for

A

Depression and anxiety

30
Q

What is the difference between SSRIs and SNRIs

A

they are newer and stronger, meaning their side effects can be stronger and overdose more dangerous

31
Q

Side effects of antidepressants

A

feeling agitated
nausea
indigestion
diarrhoea or constipation
loss of appetite
dizziness
insomnia
headaches
loss of libido

32
Q

Two main types of antipsychotics

A

first gen and second gen

33
Q

First generation antipsychotics have stronger side effects than SGAs such as

A

movement disorders:
dystonia
tremor
restlessness
slurred speech

34
Q

Common side effects for antipsychotics

A

drowsiness
weight gain
loss of libido

35
Q

Lithium is used to treat

A

Bipolar

36
Q

What does lithium require management of

A

salt and liquid levels
regular blood tests for safe dosage

37
Q

What is another serious side effect of antidepressants and antipsychotics aside from movement disorders

A

prolongs QT interval which can result in fainting and ventricular fibrillation

38
Q

Opioids and benzos are prescription only drugs because

A

they are highly addictive and sedative

39
Q

What is Methadone used for

A

Maintenance therapy or detoxification to switch from heroin
End of life care
Severe pain

40
Q

The effects of Methadone are

A

Reducing withdrawal symptoms: shaking, shivering, flu-like symptoms

41
Q

Common side effects of Methadone

A

constipation
feeling sick
feeling cold and sweaty
feeling sleepy/dizzy

42
Q

Nursing considerations for opioids and benzos

A

Lung/breathing problems
drug/alcohol addiction
arrhythmia
low blood pressure
seizures
kidney/liver problems
Myasthenia gravis
Pregnancy

MMU Nursing Pharmacology (1 decks)

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