Pharmaceutical Industry Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is the difference between APIs and excipients?
APIs are active drugs (e.g., ibuprofen); excipients are inactive additives (e.g., magnesium stearate).
Name two preservatives used in liquid medications.
Methyl paraben, benzoic acid
What are the phases of clinical trials?
Phase I (safety), II (efficacy), III (large-scale), IV (post-market)
Which excipient prevents tablets from sticking during manufacturing?
Magnesium stearate (lubricant)
What was the first antibiotic discovered?
Penicillin (Alexander Fleming, 1928)
What is the purpose of a disintegrant in tablets?
promotes breakdown in the digestive system (e.g., polyvinylpyrrolidone)
Which drug is derived from foxglove plants?
Digitalis (used for heart conditions).
What is the role of cyclosporine in medicine?
Immunosuppressant for organ transplants.
Name two dosage forms for drugs
Tablets, capsules, liquids, injectables (any 2)
. What is the primary use of insulin?
to regulate blood sugar in diabetes
Which industry uses zeolites for gas separation?
Industrial gases (PSA systems).
What property makes cement “hydraulic”?
Ability to set underwater (due to pozzolanic reactions)
Which pharmaceutical excipient is also used in food products?
Sucrose (sweetener)
