Pharmaceuticals

Question 1

AChE blocker; natural; can cross BBB; poisoning symptoms

Answer 1

Physostigmine (eserine)

Question 2

AChE blockers (2); synthetic; cannot cross BBB; used to treat myasthenia gravis

Answer 2

Neostigmine (prostigmin), pyrodistigmine (mestinon)

Question 3

AChE blockers (2); irreversible; can cross BBB; symptoms of ACh overstimulation; + what is its antidote?

Answer 3

Sarin, Soman (nerve gases)

Pyridostigmine

Question 4

VAChT blocker

Answer 4

Versamicol

Less ACh in vesicles

Question 5

Choline transporter blocker

Answer 5

Hemicholinium-3 (HC-3)

Stops choline recycling

Question 6

Black widow spider venom

Answer 6

Alpha-Latrotoxin

ACh overstimulation from calcium influx

Question 7

NMJ nAChR agonist; works through depolarisation block

Answer 7

Succunylcholine

Question 8

nAChR antagonists (2)

Answer 8

Mecamylamine (inversine), D-tubocurarine

Question 9

mAChR agonists (3)

Answer 9

Muscarine, pilocarpine, aecoline

Question 10

mAChR antagonist; used to counteract mAChR agonist poisoning

Answer 10

Atropine

Question 11

mAChR antagonist; causes drowsiness etc.

Answer 11

Scopolamine

Question 12

Pharmacological intervention for nicotinic addiction; anti-depressant; DA uptake inhibitor; weak nAChR antagonist

Answer 12

Bupropin

Question 13

Pharmacological intervention for nicotinic addiction; partial nAChR antagonist

Answer 13

Veranicline

Question 14

12% morphine; abused; purely analgesic at low concentrations

Answer 14

Opium

Question 15

Diacetyl morphine derivative; more active

Answer 15

Diamorphine (heroin)

Question 16

<20% potent than morphine; oral analgesic for mild pain; non-addictive

Answer 16

Codeine (3-methyl morphine)

Question 17

Similar to morphine; shorter acting; can cause sickness

Answer 17

Pethidine

Question 18

Similar to morphine; shorter-acting; used in anaesthesia (2)

Answer 18

Fentanyl, sufentanil

Question 19

1000-fold more potent morphine analogue

Answer 19

Etorphine

Question 20

Used as heroin substitute

Answer 20

Methadone

Question 21

Tryptophan hydroxylase blocker

Answer 21

Para-chlorophenylalanine

Question 22

Depletes 5-HT

Answer 22

Reserpine

Question 23

Enhance 5-HT levels in presynaptic cleft

Answer 23

Prozac (SSRIs)

Question 24

Induce 5-HT release (2)

Answer 24

Para-chloroamphetamine, MDMA

Question 25

5-HT1AR agonists (3)

Answer 25

Buspirone, ipsapirone, 8-OH-DPAT

Question 26

5-HT1AR antagonist

Answer 26

WAY1000635

Question 27

5-HT2AR agonists (3)

Answer 27

DOI, O-4310, hallucinogens (e.g. LSD)

Question 28

5-HT2AR antagonists (2)

Answer 28

Ketanserin, ritanserin

Question 29

5-HT3R antagonists (2)

Answer 29

Ondansetron, granisetron

Question 30

5-HT1B/1DR agonists (2)

Answer 30

Sumatriptan, zolmitriptan

Question 31

Peripheral DA antagonist; counters nausea - acute L-DOPA side effect

Answer 31

Domperidone

Question 32

DOPA-decarboxylase inhibitors (2)

Answer 32

Carbidopa (Sinemet), benserazide

Question 33

MAO-B inhibitors (2)

Answer 33

Selegiline, Rasagiline

Question 34

COMT inhibitors (2)

Answer 34

Entacapone, talcapone

Question 35

Ergoline derivative; potent D2 agonist; weak partial D1 agonist; plasma half-life 8 hrs

Answer 35

Bromocriptine

Question 36

Ergoline derivative; D1/D2 agonist; more potent than Bromocriptine but short-acting

Answer 36

Lisuride

Question 37

Ergoline derivative; D1/D2 agonist; potential heart valve damage

Answer 37

Pergolide

Question 38

Relatively non-selective DA receptor antagonist for PD

Answer 38

Apomorphine

Question 39

DA receptor antagonists for HD and Hemiballismus (4)

Answer 39

Haloperidol, Fluphenazine, Chlorpromazine, antipsychotics

Question 40

VMAT inhibitors (2)

Answer 40

Tetrabenazine, Reserpine

Question 41

Typical antipsychotics (2)

Answer 41

Chlorpromazine, Haloperidol

Question 42

Atypical antipsychotics (2)

Answer 42

Clozapine, Risperidone

Question 43

NMDA receptor antagonists (2)

Answer 43

Phencyclidine, ketamine