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Pharmacognosy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Glycyrrhetinic Acid?

A

A triterpenoid glycoside

Derived from Glycyrrhiza glabra

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2
Q

What is the source of Glycyrrhetinic Acid?

A

Glycyrrhiza glabra

Commonly known as licorice

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3
Q

What isolation method is used for Glycyrrhetinic Acid?

A

Acid hydrolysis of Glycyrrhizin, ether extraction

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4
Q

What identification test gives a yellow color for Glycyrrhetinic Acid?

A

Alkali test

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5
Q

What is the UV wavelength for Glycyrrhetinic Acid?

A

248 nm

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6
Q

What analysis technique uses Methanol:Water 75:25 for Glycyrrhetinic Acid?

A

HPLC

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7
Q

What is Rutin?

A

A flavonoid glycoside

Known for its antioxidant properties

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8
Q

What are the sources of Rutin?

A

Ruta graveolens, Buckwheat seeds

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9
Q

What isolation method is used for Rutin?

A

Ethanol extraction, crystallization

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10
Q

What identification test is associated with Rutin?

A

Shinoda test (red/pink color)

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11
Q

What is the UV λmax for Rutin?

A

355 nm

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12
Q

What analysis technique uses Acetonitrile:Water 60:40 for Rutin?

A

HPLC

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13
Q

What is Podophyllotoxin?

A

A lignan resin

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14
Q

What is the source of Podophyllotoxin?

A

Podophyllum emodi

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15
Q

What isolation method is used for Podophyllotoxin?

A

Methanol extraction, column chromatography

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16
Q

What identification test gives a blue color for Podophyllotoxin?

A

Sulfuric acid test

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17
Q

What is the IR peak for Podophyllotoxin?

A

C=O at 1725 cm⁻¹

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18
Q

What analysis technique uses Methanol:Water 60:40 for Podophyllotoxin?

A

HPLC

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19
Q

What is Curcumin?

A

A diarylheptanoid resin

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20
Q

What is the source of Curcumin?

A

Curcuma longa (Turmeric)

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21
Q

What isolation method is used for Curcumin?

A

Ethanol extraction, column chromatography

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22
Q

What identification test gives a yellow color for Curcumin?

A

Alkali test

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23
Q

What is the IR peak for Curcumin?

A

enone C=O at ~1625 cm⁻¹

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24
Q

What analysis technique uses Acetonitrile:Water 65:35 for Curcumin?

A

HPLC

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25
What is Atropine?
A tropane alkaloid
26
What is the source of Atropine?
Atropa belladonna
27
What isolation method is used for Atropine?
Acid-base extraction with chloroform
28
What identification test gives a violet color for Atropine?
Vitali-Morin test
29
What is the IR peak for Atropine?
Ester C=O ~1735 cm⁻¹
30
What analysis technique uses Methanol:Water 70:30 for Atropine?
HPLC
31
What is Quinine?
A quinoline alkaloid
32
What is the source of Quinine?
Cinchona bark
33
What isolation method is used for Quinine?
Acid-base extraction, crystallization
34
What identification test shows fluorescence under UV for Quinine?
Fluorescence test
35
What is the Thalleioquin reaction color for Quinine?
Green
36
What analysis technique uses Buffer pH 4.5:Acetonitrile 60:40 for Quinine?
HPLC
37
What is Reserpine?
An indole alkaloid
38
What is the source of Reserpine?
Rauwolfia serpentina
39
What isolation method is used for Reserpine?
Methanol extraction, column chromatography
40
What identification test gives an orange precipitate for Reserpine?
Dragendorff’s test
41
What is the UV λmax for Reserpine?
268 nm
42
What analysis technique uses Methanol:Water 80:20 for Reserpine?
HPLC
43
What is Caffeine?
A xanthine alkaloid
44
What is the source of Caffeine?
Tea leaves
45
What isolation method is used for Caffeine?
Hot water extraction, crystallization
46
What identification test gives a purple color for Caffeine?
Murexide test
47
What is the IR peak for Caffeine?
C=O stretching at 1700 cm⁻¹
48
What analysis technique uses Water:Acetonitrile 70:30 for Caffeine?
HPLC
49
What is Menthol?
A monoterpenoid
50
What are the sources of Menthol?
Mentha arvensis, Mentha piperita
51
What isolation method is used for Menthol?
Steam distillation, crystallization
52
What is the melting point range of Menthol?
41–44°C
53
What is the optical rotation range for Menthol?
(+50° to +51°)
54
What is the IR peak for Menthol?
OH-stretch at 3300 cm⁻¹
55
What analysis techniques are used for Menthol?
GC-MS, TLC (Toluene: Ethyl acetate 93:7, vanillin-sulfuric acid spray)
56
What is Citral?
A monoterpenoid aldehyde
57
What is the source of Citral?
Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass)
58
What isolation method is used for Citral?
Solvent extraction (hexane), fractional distillation
59
What identification test gives a pink color for Citral?
Schiff’s reagent test
60
What is the UV λmax for Citral?
240–260 nm
61
What analysis technique uses Methanol:Water 80:20 for Citral?
HPLC
62
What is Artemisinin?
A sesquiterpene lactone
63
What is the source of Artemisinin?
Artemisia annua
64
What isolation method is used for Artemisinin?
Petroleum ether extraction, column chromatography
65
What identification test gives a reddish-brown color for Artemisinin?
Sulfuric acid test
66
What is the IR peak for Artemisinin?
lactone C=O ~1740 cm⁻¹
67
What analysis techniques are used for Artemisinin?
HPLC (UV detection at 210 nm), Mass Spectrometry (MW = 282 g/mol)

Pharmacognosy (1 decks)

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