Pharmacology

Question 1

Mechanism of action for alcohol withdrawal?

Answer 1

Decreased inhibition of GABA and increased NMDA glutamate transmission

Question 2

Acamprosate for alcohol withdrawal?

Answer 2

Neuroprotective increasing the effect of GABA-A

Question 3

Naltrexone for alcohol withdrawal?

Answer 3

Blocks opioid pathway for alcohol so decreases the positive reward

Question 4

Disulfiram for alcohol withdrawal?

Answer 4

Prevents acetaldehyde breakdown, however unwanted SE such as flushing, N, increased BP, increased temp and pulse

Question 5

Tricyclic antidepressants MoA?

Answer 5

Block 5-HT and NA transporters

Question 6

Tricyclic antidepressants SE?

Answer 6

Can’t see, wee, spit, shit

Overdose invokes seizures

Question 7

Tricyclic antidepressants examples?

Answer 7

Imipramine, amitriptyline, clomipramine

Question 8

SSRI SE?

Answer 8

GI symptoms (N/D)
Headache
Increased bleed risk
Agitation, anesthesia, anxiety

Question 9

Citalopram specific SE?

Answer 9

Increased risk of QT prolongation

Question 10

Paroxetine (SSRI) and pregnancy?

Answer 10

Increase risk of congenital malformation

Question 11

SSRI examples?

Answer 11

Citalopram, fluoxetine, sertraline, citalopram, paroxetine

Question 12

SSRI use and MoA?

Answer 12

1st line for depression

Inhibit Serotonin reuptake

Question 13

SSRI CI?

Answer 13

NSAIDs, warfarin/heparin, triptans

Question 14

Examples of antipsychotics?

Answer 14

Risperidone, haloperidol, olanzapine, quetiapine, clorazapine

Question 15

Antipsychotics MoA?

Answer 15

Work by inhibiting DA neurotransmission (antagonist)

Question 16

SE of antipsychotics?

Answer 16

Motor - acute dystonia, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia

DM, increased weight, dysglycaemia, dyslipidaemia

Question 17

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome treatment?

Answer 17

DA agonist

Question 18

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) symptoms?

Answer 18

Tremor, muscle cramps, fever, delirium, autonomic instability

Question 19

What is the SSRI of choice in children and adolescents?

Answer 19

Fluoxetine

Question 20

What is the most effective atypical antipsychotic for schizophrenia - why should it be monitored?

Answer 20

Clozapine

Fatal agranulocytosis (decreased number of WBC in the blood)

Question 21

What medication is used for severe cases of PTSD?

Answer 21

Risperidone

Question 22

What are the management options for PTSD?

Answer 22

Trauma focused CBT

Venlafaxine or Sertraline (SSRI)

Question 23

What is the mechanism of action of venlafaxine?

Answer 23

Serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor

Question 24

Most MI what is the drug of choice for a depressed patient?

Answer 24

Sertraline