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Uro/Neph > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

(94 cards)

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1
Q

Overactive Bladder/Incontinence

A 
Detrol (tolterodine)
Enablex (darifenacin)
Oxytrol or Ditropan (oxybutynin)
Trospium
Fesoterodine
Solifenacin
Myrbetriq (mirabegron)
Cymbalta (duloxetine*)
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2
Q

Detrol (tolterodine)

MOA

A

Anticholinergic competitive antagonist of muscarinic (cholinergic) receptors

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3
Q

Detrol (tolterodine)

AE

A

Diarrhea, HA, N/V confusion, Oliguria, dysuria, hematuria

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4
Q

Detrol (tolterodine)

Indications

A

Overactive bladder, urge incontinence, enuresis

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5
Q

Enablex (darifenacin)

MOA

A

Anticholinergic antagonist of the M3 muscarinic (cholinergic) receptor subtype

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6
Q

Enablex (darifenacin)

Indication

A

Urge incontinence and urinary urgency/ freq

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7
Q

Enablex (darifenacin)

AE

A

Bladder pain, hematuria, dysuria, urgency/frequency

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8
Q

Oxytrol or Ditropan (oxybutynin)

MOA

A

Antispasmodic inhibits the action of acetylcholine on smooth muscle

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9
Q

Oxytrol or Ditropan (oxybutynin)

Indication

A

Urge incontinence, OAB

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10
Q

Oxytrol or Ditropan (oxybutynin)

AE

A

Belching, diarrhea, indigestion, headache, N/V

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11
Q

Myrbetriq (mirabegron)

MOA

A

Beta3 adrenergic agonist (Relaxes detrusor ms)

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12
Q

Myrbetriq (mirabegron)

Indications

A

OAB, urge incontinence

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13
Q

Myrbetriq (mirabegron)

AE

A

HTN, arrhythmia, HA, dizziness, N/V

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14
Q

Cymbalta (duloxetine*)

MOA

A

Serotonin and NE reuptake inhibitor (inc sphincter tone)

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15
Q

Cymbalta (duloxetine*)

Indications

A

Stress urinary incontinence

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16
Q

Cymbalta (duloxetine*)

AE

A

Dizziness, arrhythmia, rash, N/V, HA, frequency

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17
Q

Urinary retention

A

Urecholine (bethanechol)

Flomax (tamulosin)

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18
Q

Urecholine (bethanechol)

MOA

A

Muscarinic 1,3 agonist (cholinergic agonist)

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19
Q

Urecholine (bethanechol)

Indication

A

Neurogenic atony of bladder overflow incontinence

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20
Q

Urecholine (bethanechol)

AE

A

Hypotension, tachycardia, colic, n/v, salivation, HA, urinary urgency
Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Diarrhea

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21
Q

Flomax (tamulosin)

MOA

A

Selective Alpha 1A Blocker adrenoreceptor antagonist

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22
Q

Flomax (tamulosin)

Indication

A

BPH—relaxes the bladder neck

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23
Q

Flomax (tamulosin)

AE

A

Hypotension, headache, dizziness, ejaculation failure

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24
Q

Urinary tract pain

A

Narcotic analgesic (eg Demerol, oxycontin)
NSAID
Pyridium (phenazopyridine HCl)

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25
``` Narcotic analgesic (eg Demerol, oxycontin) MOA ```
Opiate receptor agonist
26
``` Narcotic analgesic (eg Demerol, oxycontin) Indication ```
Chronic pain (or acute)
27
``` Narcotic analgesic (eg Demerol, oxycontin) AE ```
Drowsiness, Constipation, rash, low BP
28
NSAID | MOA
COX 2 inhibitor (release anti-inflm PGs)
29
NSAID | Indication
Acute and chronic pain
30
NSAID | AE
Bloating, diarrhea, N/V, edema, high BP. (Ki damage over time)
31
Pyridium (phenazopyridine HCl) | Indications
Dysuria, symptomatic relief
32
Pyridium (phenazopyridine HCl) | AE
Rash, confusion, SOB, wt gain CI in renal and LV disease
33
Urinary tract Infection
Bactrim (SMX-TMP) (sulfamethoxasole & trimethoprim) Nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin) Beta lactam AB (amoxicillin) Fluoroquinolones (eg ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin) Macrolides (eg azithromycin) Aminoglycosides (eg gentamicin)
34
Bactrim (SMX-TMP) (sulfamethoxasole & trimethoprim) | MOA
Inhibit folic acid
35
Bactrim (SMX-TMP) (sulfamethoxasole & trimethoprim) | I
Acute uncomplicated cystitis, acute PN
36
Bactrim (SMX-TMP) (sulfamethoxasole & trimethoprim) | AE
Rash, HA, diarrhea
37
Nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin) | MOA
Inhibit protein synthesis Bactericidal in urine
38
Nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin) | I
Cystitis: e coli or staph
39
Nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin) | AE
HA, nausea, flatulence
40
Beta lactam AB (amoxicillin) | MOA
Inhibit cell wall synthesis
41
Beta lactam AB (amoxicillin) | In
Staph, strep
42
Beta lactam AB (amoxicillin) | AE
Diarrhea, n/v
43
Fluoroquinolones (eg ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin) | MOA
Inhibit DNA gyrase
44
Fluoroquinolones (eg ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin) | I
Acute complicated UTIs (not first line)
45
Fluoroquinolones (eg ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin) | AE
Diarrhea, nausea, headache
46
Macrolides (eg azithromycin) | MOA
Inhibit protein synthesis
47
Macrolides (eg azithromycin) | IN
Urethritis (STI)
48
Macrolides (eg azithromycin) | AE
Diarrhea, n/v, rash
49
Aminoglycosides (eg gentamicin) | MOA
Inhibit protein synthesis
50
Aminoglycosides (eg gentamicin) | IN
Complicated UTIs
51
Aminoglycosides (eg gentamicin) | AE
Edema, HTN, diarrhea
52
Antihypertensive
Lisinopril Atenolol Nifedipine Doxazosin
53
Lisinopril | MOA
ACE inhibitor | Lowers angiotensin II
54
Lisinopril | IN
Diabetic nephropathy | IgA nephropathy
55
Lisinopril | AE
Hypotension, dizziness
56
Atenolol | MOA
Beta blocker
57
Atenolol | IN
HTN
58
Atenolol | AE
Hypotension, bradycardia
59
Nifedipine | MOA
Calcium channel blocker
60
Nifedipine | IN
HTN | Off label: Ureteral calculi
61
Nifedipine | AE
Headache, edema
62
Doxazosin | MOA
Alpha 1 adrenergic blocker
63
Doxazosin | IN
HTN
64
Doxazosin | AE
Dizziness, malaise, HA
65
Proteinuria
``` Lisinopril Irbesartan, valsartan, candesartan Furosemide, bumetanide Metolazone, HCTZ Spironolactone Diltiazem, amlodipine, nifedipine, verapamil ```
66
Irbesartan, valsartan, candesartan | MOA
ARBs | Blocks angiotensin II receptor and aldosterone release
67
Irbesartan, valsartan, candesartan | AE
Hypotension, dizziness, hyperkalemia
68
Furosemide, bumetanide | MOA
Loop diuretics
69
Furosemide, bumetanide | IN
Edema from heart, LV or Ki disease, HTN
70
Furosemide, bumetanide | AE
Hyperuricemia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia
71
Metolazone, HCTZ | MOA
Thiazide diuretics
72
Metolazone, HCTZ | IN
increase urine excretion by inhib Na and Cl transporters, Edema, HTN
73
Metolazone, HCTZ | AE
Chest pain, depression dizziness, several others
74
Spironolactone | MOA
Aldosterone antagonist | Potassium sparing
75
Spironolactone | IN
Edema, HTN
76
Spironolactone | AE
Gynecomastia, confusion, HA Monitor K
77
Diltiazem, amlodipine, nifedipine, verapamil | MOA
Calcium channel blockers
78
Diltiazem, amlodipine, nifedipine, verapamil | IN
Edema, HTN
79
Diltiazem, amlodipine, nifedipine, verapamil | AE
Headache, edema
80
Anemia
Ferrous sulfate | Epoetin alfa
81
Ferrous sulfate | MOA
Replaces iron in HG and myoglobin
82
Ferrous sulfate | IN
Iron deficiency anemia
83
Ferrous sulfate | AE
Abdominal pain, constipation, N/V
84
Epoetin alfa | MOA
Erythropoiesis stimulator
85
Epoetin alfa | IN
Anemia from CKD When Hgb <10g/dL (Severe anemia)
86
Epoetin alfa | AE
HTN, HA, pruritus, rash, N/V
87
Edema
Bumetanide Furosemide Metolazone
88
Hyperphosphatemia
Phoslo (calcium acetate) | Renagel (sevelamer)
89
Phoslo (calcium acetate) | MOA
Phosphate binder
90
Phoslo (calcium acetate) | IN
ESRD in dialysis
91
Phoslo (calcium acetate) | AE
Constipation, depression, HA, NV
92
Renagel (sevelamer) | MOA
Phosphate binder
93
Renagel (sevelamer) | IN
ESRD in dialysis
94
Renagel (sevelamer) | AE
N/V, diarrhea, dyspepsia

Uro/Neph (3 decks)

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