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PR 3152 Finals > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

tamoxifen uses

A

breast cancer, menopausal women

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2
Q

tamoxifen moa

A

competitive inhibition of endogenous estrogen binding to target tissue. estrogen-responsive gene expression altered, prevents cell activation and proliferation

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3
Q

administration of tamoxifen

A

oral

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4
Q

side effects of tamoxifen

A

hot flush
risk of endometrial cancer
vte

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5
Q

tamoxifen metabolism

A

liver cyp3a4 (affected by grapefruit)
cyp2d6 (cough and cold meds can affect)

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6
Q

tamoxifen toxicity

A

neurotoxicity (tremor, dizziness)

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7
Q

pembrolizumab moa

A

pd1 blocker, binds to pd1 of T cell and prevents cancer cell from binding, preventing inhibition of T cell activation

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8
Q

pembrolizumab uses

A

inhibits cancer metastasis

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9
Q

pembrolizumab se

A

infusion related se
ND
joint pain
LT immune related inflamx on lung

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10
Q

pembrolizumab ci

A

corticosteroids
imunosuppressants
pregnant
hypersensitivity to other ab therapy

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11
Q

leuprorelin moa

A

analogue, inhibition of pituitary GnRH release, reduces androgen production in testes, androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells undergo apoptosis

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12
Q

leuprorelin monitoring

A

first few weeks of therapy: PSA
after 4 weeks of therapy: LH, FSH, TTS

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13
Q

leuprorelin administration

A

SC or IM at 1,2,3 mths interval

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14
Q

leuprorelin se

A

infusion pain
flushes
headache
gi disturbances
libido loss

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15
Q

leuprolide ci

A

hypersensitivity to gnrh agonists
heart disease
risk for osteoporosis

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16
Q

bicalutamide moa

A

androgen receptor antagonist, impairs cell proliferation and triggers apoptosis in cancer cells

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17
Q

bicalutamide administration

A

oral

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18
Q

bicalutamide se

A

gynaecomastia
fatigue
sexual dysfunction
gi

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19
Q

biaclutamide metab

A

liver

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20
Q

tamoxifen uses

A

breast cancer, menopausal women

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21
Q

tamoxifen uses

A

breast cancer, menopausal women

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22
Q

metformin uses

A

t2dm
obese pt

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23
Q

metformin moa

A

inhibits gluconeogenesis in liver, upregulate protein kinase, increasing glucose uptake into tissues

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24
Q

metformin se

A

anorexia
gi disturbances
vit b12 deficiency

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25
metformin excretion
urine (avoid patients with renal insufficiency)
26
glipizide moa
SU bind to SU receptor proteins and inhibits Katp channel mediated K+ efflux, triggering clacium dependent exocytosis of insulin granules from pancreatic B cells.
27
glipizide metab
liver
28
glipizide ae
hypogly, weight gain
29
sitagliptin moa
dpp4i, prolongs action of endogenous incretins
30
sitagliptin ae
gi disturbances flu-like symptoms skin reactions careful in patients with pancreatitis
31
liraglutide uses
weight loss in obese patients reduced risk of cvs complications
32
liraglutide moa
glp receptor agonist, upregulates cAMP and PKA, leads to increased insulin secretion and decreased glucagon release
33
liraglutide distribution
extended action due to long half life
34
empagliflozin moa
inhibits sglt2, decreased reabsorption of glucose and renal threshold for glucose. increased urinary glucose excretion
35
empagliflozin ae
uti increased urination diabetic ketoacidosis
36
carbimazole moa
reduce thyroid hormone synthesis by inhibiting thyroid peroxidase which is needed to give precursor of T3 and T4.
37
carbimazole uses
hyperthyroidism. before surgery
38
carbimazole ae
rash joint pain jaundice nausea agranulcytosis (rare)
39
carbimazole metab
cyp450, fmo (LIVER)
40
levothyroxine uses
restore levels of T4
41
levothyroxine moa
synthetic t4, body uses it to be converted to active T3 via deiodinase
42
levothyroxine admin instruction
30-60 minutes before breakfast / 4 hours after dinner - Iron supplements / antacids / milk: at least 2 hours apart affected by antacids, ppi
43
levothyroxine ae (overcompensation leading to hyperthy)
anorexia anxiety diarrhoea hair loss
44
levothyroxine ci (signs of anxiety)
cardiac dysfunction seizures
45
levothyroxine monitoring
serum tsh first 6-8 weeks
46
tamsulosin moa
reversible alpha 1 adrenoceptor blocker, prevents vasoconstriction induced by catecholamines that lead to contraction of internal sphincter of bladder, allowing urine to flow
47
does tamsulosin have effect on blood pressure?
no. great selectivity for a1A (blood vessels in prostate)
48
tamsulosin ae
abnormal ejaculation back pain
49
tamsulosin metab
liver (cyp)
50
tamsulosin ci
concurrent usage of a1 antagonists
51
finasteride moa
competitively inhibits 5a reductase, prevents conversion of TTS to DHT, reduces prostate size growth
52
finasteride monitoring
PSA levels, take up to 6 months
53
finasteride ae
libido loss
54
finasteride metab
liver
55
finasteride ci
women/children pregnant
56
sildenafil moa
pde5i in penis, increase cGMP causing SM relaxation and increased blood flow to corposa cavernosa -> erection
57
sildenafil metab
liver
58
sildenafil ci
cardiac pt on GTN (VD effect potentiated)
59
sildenafil ae
dizziness priaprism (LT) blur vision (LT) headache flushing
60
ethinyl estradiol moa
estrogen receptor agonist, inhibits FSH release and suppress development of ovarian follicle endometrium made unsuitable for implantation
61
ethinyl estradiol metab
liver enterohepatic circulation
62
ethinyl estradiol ae
breast tenderness headache bloating weight gain
63
ethinyl estradiol LT ae
VTE MI
64
ethinyl estradiol CI
- hx of thrombosis - advanced diabetes with CVS - uncontrolled HTN - breastfeeding (<21d postpartum) - breast cancer women
65
norethindrone moa
synthetic progestogen, inhibits LH release and prevents ovulation endometrium unsuitable for implantation
66
norethindrone ae
headache dizziness weight gain bloating amenorrhea spotting

PR 3152 Finals (6 decks)

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