pharmacology

Question 1

what abx lowers the seizure threshold?

Answer 1

ciprofloxacin- fluoroquinolone

Question 2

Long QT is a well-recognised complication of using..? abx..

Answer 2

fluroquinolones ie ciprofloxacin/ levofloxacin

Question 3

what GFR should metformin be stopped?

Answer 3

GFR <45

Question 4

Drug-induced urinary retention?

Answer 4

Question 5

criteria for liver transplantation

Answer 5

Question 6

Inducers of the P450 system include

Answer 6

Question 7

Cytochrome P450 Inhibitors

Answer 7

Question 8

sildenafil are used to treat …?… in neonates

Answer 8

pulmonary hypertension

Question 9

TCA amitriptyline od tx?

Answer 9

IV bicarbonate may reduce the risk of seizures and arrhythmias in severe toxicity

Question 10

drugs that cause Corneal opacities

Answer 10

amiodarone
indomethacin

Question 11

drugs causing Optic neuritis?
cataracts?

Answer 11

ethambutol
amiodarone
metronidazole

cataracts: steroids

Question 12

treatment in opioid detoxification

Answer 12

Methadone

Question 13

Lithium toxicity can be precipitated by …what pain killer.. other drugs..?

Answer 13

NSAIDs, thiazides

Question 14

b blocker od, tx?

Answer 14

IV atropine
glucagon

Question 15

Azathioprine monitoring bloods?

Answer 15

FBC LFT

Question 16

diclofenac, are important to avoid in heart failure why?

Answer 16

can promote fluid retention

Question 17

Carbon monoxide poisoning - most common feature

Answer 17

headache

Question 18

class of drug?…..may cause precipitation of digoxin toxicity

Answer 18

The calcium channel blockers diltiazem and verapamil both increase serum digoxin levels.

Question 19

reverse digoxin toxicity?

Answer 19

Digibind, Digoxin-specific antibody fragments

Question 20

antedote Benzodiazepines ?

Answer 20

flumazenil

Question 21

antedote methanol

Answer 21

ethanol

Question 22

antedote salicylate?

Answer 22

urinary alkalinization with IV bicarbonate
haemodialysis- if having pulmonary odema and metabolic acidoosis

Question 23

…. ?…. can reduce the effectiveness of the combined oral contraceptive pill

Answer 23

Question 24

gentamicin toxicity …?

Answer 24

nehpro and ototoxicity

Question 25

symptoms of lithium toxicity?

Answer 25

Diarrhoea, vomiting, abdominal pain, coarse tremor, weakness, seizures, muscle twitches and blurred vision are among the signs and symptoms of lithium toxicity

Question 26

The risk of peripheral neuropathy with isoniazid can be reduced by prescribing ....

Answer 26

pyridoxine

Question 27

Finasteride MOA

Answer 27

5 alpha reductase inhibitor which converts testosterone into DHT

Question 28

DRUGS TO AVIOD IN CKD3? or kidney failure

Answer 28

antibiotics: tetracycline, nitrofurantoin NSAIDs lithium metformin

Question 29

metformin titration- how mnay days to wait before titrating it up?

Answer 29

Metformin should be titrated slowly, leaving at least 7 days before increasing the dose.

Question 30

risks of taking allopurinol and azathioprine together

Answer 30

Allopurinol increases risk of azathioprine toxicity causing pancytopenia

Question 31

Adult Life Support (ALS) adrenaline doses

Answer 31

Recommend Adult Life Support (ALS) adrenaline doses anaphylaxis: 0.5mg - 0.5ml 1:1,000 IM cardiac arrest: 1mg - 10ml 1:10,000 IV or 1ml of 1:1000 IV

Question 32

mum taking lithium- what can happen to baby?

Answer 32

Ebsteins anomaly Lithium can cause cardiac foetal abnormalities

Question 33

what electrolyte inbalance predisposes patients to digoxin toxicity

Answer 33

hypokalemia

Question 34

abx causing photo sensitivty?>

Answer 34

tetracyclines, sulphonamides, ciprofloxacin

Question 35

diabetic drug causing Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion

Answer 35

GLIM-EPRIDE

Question 36

Aspirin MOA?

Answer 36

Aspirin is a non reversible COX 1 and 2 inhibitor

Question 37

Tinnitus may be one of the earliest symptoms of ... OD?

Answer 37

aspirin

Question 38

absolute contraindication to Sildenafil?

Answer 38

STROKE MI

Question 39

Visual changes secondary to drugs DIG? SIDENAFIL?

Answer 39

Question 40

finasteride s/e?

Answer 40

Question 41

diclofenac is contraindicated in patients with

Answer 41

ischaemic heart disease peripheral arterial disease cerebrovascular disease congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association classification II-IV)

Question 42

antifreeze /methanol antidote?

Answer 42

FOMEPIZOLE

Question 43

iron tablets od vs organophosphate antedote?

Answer 43

Desferrioxmine atropine

Question 44

Patients with MI secondary to cocaine use should be given

Answer 44

IV benzodiazepines (diazepam) as part of acute (ACS) treatment

Question 45

what to do every 6 months when taking amioderone?

Answer 45

TFT'S LFT'S

Question 46

Ecstasy poisoning

Answer 46

Question 47

Mefloquine S/E

Answer 47

neuropsychiatric side-effects AVOID A history of anxiety or depression

Question 48

What is the minimum time after ingestion of the tablets that a paracetamol level can be used to guide treatment with acetylcysteine?

Answer 48

4 hrs

Question 49

following complications is most likely to occur as a result of heroin use

Answer 49

dvt

Question 50

S/E?

Answer 50

Question 51

S/E

Answer 51

Question 52

DIABETIC DRUG CAUSING DIG TOXICITY

Answer 52

Thiazides may cause precipitation of digoxin toxicity

Question 53

furosemide s/e

Answer 53

OTOTOXIC

Question 54

MONTELUKAST S/E

Answer 54

ABNORMAL DREAMS diarrhoea