Pharmacology

Question 1

what is the most common side effect of digoxin

Answer 1

diarrhea

Question 2

positive inotrope drug that can be given with quinidine to help convert horses with atrial fibrillation.

Answer 2

digoxin

Question 3

what is typically reserved for bacteria that are strictly susceptible to this medication because of the side effects that can be produced in the muna administering the drug?

Answer 3

Chloramphenicol

Question 4

What are side effects of chloramphenicol

Answer 4

disrupting the mitochondrial function in bone marrow cells of humans and causing aplastic anemia

Question 5

what is the class that is known to be ototoxic and nephrotoxic

Answer 5

aminoglycosides

Question 6

What is the only narcotic used routinely in horses and is considered the strongest analgesic that can be given to horses

Answer 6

Torbugesic (butorphanol)

Question 7

How long do the analgesic effects last for Torbugesic (butorphanol)

Answer 7

4 hours

Question 8

what two drugs are the lipolytic tetracyclines that can be readily absorbed through the GI tract?

Answer 8

Doxycycline and minocycline

Question 9

What is the ocular antifungal that can be used to treat fungal infections and fungal ulcers in horses

Answer 9

fluconazole

Question 10

what form does Levothyroxine come in?

Answer 10

powdered that can mix with food

Question 11

What is levothyroxine used to treat?

Answer 11

hypothyroidism

Question 12

What NSAID comes as a topical paste that can be applied directly onto the distal limbs for lameness issues?

Answer 12

Surpass (diclofenac sodium)

Question 13

How long do short acting glucocorticoids last in the body?

Answer 13

12 hours

Question 14

how long do intermediate acting steroids last for in the body?

Answer 14

12-36 hours

Question 15

how long do long acting steroids last for in the body

Answer 15

48 hours

Question 16

A compound that can be used to help reduce swelling caused by trauma

Answer 16

DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide)

Question 17

The only form of Penicillin G that can be administered IV is the aqueous solution mixed with what?

Answer 17

sodium or potassium

Question 18

What is the cardiac medication that is used to treat atrial fibrillation in horses?

Answer 18

Quinidine

Question 19

The most common steroid group used in horses?

Answer 19

Glucocorticoids

Question 20

What are glucocorticoids commonly used for?

Answer 20

anti-inflammatory

Question 21

A proton pump inhibitor that can be used to treat GI ulcers because it binds to parietal cells and inhibits the movement of hydrogen ions into the stomach

Answer 21

omeprazole

Question 22

Penicillin is a bactericidal antimicrobial that is more effective against what?

Answer 22

gram positive bacteria

Question 23

what is the NSAID that was released in 2012 and can be used to control pain associated with osteoarthritits?

Answer 23

Equioxx

Question 24

what can be used for both musculoskeletal pain relief and visceral pain which can be associated with colic

Answer 24

Banamine (flunixin meglumine)

Question 25

potentiated sulfonamindes can have serious side effects, such as what?

Answer 25

thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and anemia

Question 26

the drug given to mares to terminate pregnancy

Answer 26

Lutalyse (dinoprost tromethamine)

Question 27

an emollient laxative that can be given to horses that have impactions

Answer 27

mineral oil

Question 28

what do NSAID's block?

Answer 28

prostaglandin production

Question 29

Cox-2 are prostaglandins that are produced in response to

Answer 29

pain

Question 30

Cox-1 helps protect

Answer 30

stomach

Question 31

Acepromazine is what kind of tranquilizer that can be used as a sedative in horses?

Answer 31

phenothiazine

Question 32

a dopamine antagonist that allows for prolactin secretion.

Answer 32

Equidone (domperidone)

Question 33

Equidone can treat what?

Answer 33

fescue toxicosis

Question 34

an indigestible plant fiber that can be used as a bulk laxative as it osmotically pulls water into the bowel lumen

Answer 34

metamucil (psyllium fiber)

Question 35

Metamucil (psyllium fiber) can be useful for treating what?

Answer 35

sand colic

Question 36

Lidocaine can be used in horses to help with what?

Answer 36

laminitis and colic pain

Question 37

Blocks pain signals at what?

Answer 37

spinal cord

Question 38

An alpha-2 agonist which is classified as a sedative-analgesic

Answer 38

Dormosedan

Question 39

the anti-ulcer medication that cannot be given at the same time as other oral medications as it can prevent/disrupt the absorption of other medications

Answer 39

Carafate (sucralfate)

Question 40

Atropine sulfate eye preparations are used to reduce pain in the eye by

Answer 40

dilating the blood vessels

Question 41

Alpha-2 agonist that can be used for short periods of time and lasts 15-20 minutes

Answer 41

Rompun

Question 42

is the drug of choice to treat Potomac horse fever and leptospirosis

Answer 42

Doxycycline

Question 43

A progestin that can be used to delay estrus in mares, or be sued to maintain pregnancy in mares prone to abortion

Answer 43

regu-mate altrenogest