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Mar: TXWES reference guide > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

TXWES REFERENCE GUIDE (62 cards)

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1
Q

BENZOS

Dose (IV, PO), Onset, Duration:
Diazepam

A

0.1mg/kg IV
Onset 1-5mins ⏐Duration 2-6h

0.2mg/kg PO

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2
Q

BENZOS

Dose, Onset, Duration:
Lorazepam

A

0.04mg/kg ⏐ Onset 1-5mins ⏐6-10h

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3
Q

BENZOS

Dose, Onset, Duration:
Midazolam

Versed

A

1-5mg or 0.01-0.05mg/kg ⏐Onset 1-5mins ⏐15-80min

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4
Q

BENZOS

Dose, Onset, Duration:
Flumazenil

Romazicon

A

0.2mg ⏐ Onset 1-5mins ⏐30mins!!!

Repeat 0.1 q 1min –> MAX 3mg

BENZO REVERSAL

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5
Q

OPIOIDS

Dose (intraOp, postop), Onset, Duration:
Morphine

A

1-10mg IntraOp
5-20mg PostOp
Onset 10-20mins ⏐ Duration 4-5h

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6
Q

OPIOIDS

Dose, Onset, Duration:
Fentanyl

A

1.5-3mcg/kg
Onset 30-60sec ⏐ Duration 1-1.5h

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7
Q

OPIOIDS

Dose, Onset, Duration:
Sufentanil

A

0.3-1mcg/kg
Onset 30-60sec ⏐ 1-1.5hr

Infusion: 0.5-1mcg/kg/hr (close to intraop dose)

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8
Q

OPIOIDS

Dose, Onset, Duration:
Remifentanil

A

0.5 - 1mcg/kg OVER 1 MIN!!!
Onset 30-60sec ⏐ 6-8min

gtt: 0.125-0.375 mcg/kg/MIN

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9
Q

OPIOIDS

Dose, Onset, Duration:
Meperidine

Demerol

A

12.5mg (Shivering)
Onset 5-15min ⏐ Duration 2-4h

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10
Q

OPIOIDS

Dose (intra, postop), Onset, Duration:
Hydromorphone

Diluadid

A

1 - 4mg IntraOp
1.5 - 4mg PostOp (basically the same)
Onset 5-15min ⏐ Duration 2-4hr

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11
Q

OPIOIDS

Dose, Onset, Duration:
Naloxone

Narcan

A

40-80mcg ⏐ Onset 1-5 min⏐ Duration 30min

Opioid REVERSAL

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12
Q

INDUCTION MEDS

Dose (induction, sedation gtt, TIVA gtt), Onset, Duration:
Propofol

A

1.5-2.5mg/kg Induction
25-100 mcg/kg/min Sedation
100-300 mcg/kg/min TIVA
Onset 30-60sec ⏐ 1-8mins

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13
Q

Induction

Dose, Onset:
Etomidate

A

0.3mg/kg ⏐ Onset 1 min

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14
Q

Induction

Dose (induction, IV analgesia), Onset, Duration:
Ketamine

A

0.5-1.5mg/kg Induction
0.2-0.5 mg/kg IV Analgesia
Onset 1 min⏐ 10-20min

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15
Q

Induction Dose

Dose, Onset, Duration:
Midazolam

Versed

A

0.1-0.2mg/kg
Onset 30-60sec ⏐ Duration 5-10min

*may precede dose w/ Fentanyl 50-100mcg

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16
Q

Dose and normal Concentration/dilution:
Dexmedetomidine

Precedex

A

Bolus 0.5-1mcg/kg over 10mins then 0.2-0.7mcg/kg/hr

Usually on-hand 200mcg/2ml > mix with 48cc NS > 4mcg/ml

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17
Q

Inhalation

MAC, VP, Blood:Gas Co.:
Sevoflurane (Ultane)

A

MAC 1.8
VP 157
Blood:Gas Coefficient 0.69

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18
Q

Inhalation

MAC, VP, Blood:Gas Co.:
Desflurane (Suprane)

A

MAC 6.6
VP 669
Blood:Gas Coefficient 0.42

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19
Q

Inhalation

MAC, VP, Blood:Gas Co.:
Isoflurane (Forane)

A

MAC 1.17
VP 238
Blood:Gas Coefficient 1.46

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20
Q

Inhalation

MAC, VP, Blood:Gas Co.:
Nitrous Oxide

A

MAC 104
VP 🚀 38,770 gas
Blood:Gas Coefficient 0.46

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21
Q

Muscle Relaxants

Dose, Onset, Duration:
Succinylcholine

Anectine

A

1-1.5 mg/kg
Onset 30-60sec ⏐Durations 5-10min

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22
Q

Muscle Relaxants

Dose, Onset, Duration:
Cisatricurium

Nimbex

A

0.1 mg/kg
Onset 2-3min ⏐ Duration 40-75min

Hoffman Elimination

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23
Q

Muscle Relaxants

Dose, Onset, Duration:
Vecuronium

Norcuron

A

0.1 mg/kg
Onset 2-3min⏐ 45-90min

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24
Q

Muscle Relaxants

Dose (1st & 2nd), Onset, Duration:
Rocuronium

Zemuron

A

0.6 mg/kg Onset 2-3mins
1.2 mg/kg Onset 1.5 mins
Duration 35-75mins

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25
# Muscle Relaxants Dose, Onset, Duration: **Pancuronium** | Pavulon
0.1 mg/kg Onset 2-3min ⏐Duration 60-120min | Also a vagolytic (increases HR and other SNS things)
26
# Muscle Relaxants Reversals Dose, Onset, Duration, Anticholinergic buddy: **Neostigmine**
0.04-0.07 mg/kg Onset 5-10min ⏐ Duration 60min | **Glyco 0.2mg per mg of Neo to avoid bradycardia and excess secretions**
27
# Muscle Relaxants Reversals Dose, Onset, Duration, Anticholinergic buddy: **Sugammadex**
2-16 mg/kg (depends on TOF & PTP) Onset 1-4min ⏐ Duration 1.5-3hrs | **NONE** 🙃
28
# REGIONAL MEDS Amide/Ester? MAX dose (mg/kg) w/ & w/o EPI? **Lidocaine**
Amide 5mg/kg, 7mg/kg
29
# REGIONAL MEDS Amide/Ester? MAX dose (mg/kg) w/ & w/o EPI? **Prilocaine**
Amide. 6mg/kg, 8.5mg/kg
30
# REGIONAL MEDS Amide/Ester? MAX dose (mg/kg) w/ & w/o EPI? **Mepivicaine**
Amide. 5mg/kg, 7mg/kg
31
# REGIONAL MEDS Amide/Ester? MAX dose (mg/kg) w/ & w/o EPI? **Bupivicaine**
Amide. 2.5mg/kg, 2.5mg/kg | EPI DONT MAKE NO DIFFERENCE! 😅
32
# REGIONAL MEDS Amide/Ester? MAX dose (mg/kg) w/ & w/o EPI? **Ropivicaine**
Amide. 3mg/kg, 4mg/kg
33
# REGIONAL MEDS Amide/Ester? MAX dose (mg/kg) w/ & w/o EPI? **Procaine**
Ester. 7mg/kg, 8.5mg/kg
34
# REGIONAL MEDS Amide/Ester? MAX dose (mg/kg) w/ & w/o EPI? **Chloroprocaine**
Ester. 6mg/kg, 14mg/kg!
35
# REGIONAL MEDS Amide/Ester? MAX dose (mg/kg) w/ & w/o EPI? **Tetracaine**
Ester. 3mg/kg, 3mg/kg | EPI MAKES NO DIFFERENCE 😅
36
# CSE LABOR ANALGESIA Epidural (%) & Spinal (mg) doses? **Bupivicaine**
Epidural: 0.0625-0.125% Spinal: 1.25 - 2.5 ml
37
# CSE LABOR ANALGESIA Epidural (%) & Spinal (mL) doses? **Ropivicaine**
0.08 - 0.2% 2.5-4.5 mL
38
# CSE LABOR ANALGESIA Epidural (%) & Spinal (mL) doses? **Lidocaine + Epi**
2% in 5cc bolus N/A | No spinal dose.
39
# CSE LABOR ANALGESIA Epidural & Spinal doses? (mcg) **Fentanyl**
50-100 mcg 10-25 mcg
40
# CSE LABOR ANALGESIA Epidural & Spinal doses? (mcg) **Sufentanil**
5-10 mcg 1.5 - 5 mcg
41
# CSE LABOR ANALGESIA Epidural (%) & Spinal (mg) doses? **Morphine**
NO epidural dose. Spinal: 0.1 - 0.2 mg
42
# ANTIEMETICS Dose, Onset, Duration, Receptors: **Droperidol** | Inapsine
0.625mg, 1-5min, 2-3hrs, anti-Dopaminergic
43
# ANTIEMETICS Dose, Onset, Duration, Receptors: **Promethazine** | Phenergran
6.25-25 mg, 1-5mins, 4-6hrs, (Anti-histamine, anti-dopaminergic, anti-muscarinic and anti-cholinergic)
44
# ANTIEMETICS Dose, Onset, Duration, receptors: **Ondansetron** | Zofran
4mg, 10mins, 4-9hrs, 5HT3 blocker
45
# ANTIEMETICS Dose, Onset, Duration, receptor: **Dexamethasone** | Decadron
4mg, 10-30mins, 2-10hrs, anti-inflammatory (steroid)
46
# ANTIEMETICS Dose, Onset, Duration, receptor: **Metoclopramide** | Reglan
10-20mg, 10mins, 2hrs, Gastrokenetic (increases LES tone and GI motility)
47
# ANTIEMETICS Dose, Onset, Duration, receptors: **Scopolamine**
Patch, 2-4hrs, 72hrs!, anti-muscarinic (ACH blocker) | Non-hairy area - dont touch eyes after handling --> can cause mydriasis.
48
# ANTIEMETICS Dose, Onset, Duration, receptors: **Propofol** | Diprivan
10-15mg IV followed by 10**mcg**/kg/**min**, blocks 5HT3 release (antiemetic only - there are other receptors for sedation)
49
List some PONV risk factors.
Female, <40yrs, Hx of PONV or Motion Sickness, vertigo, non-smokers *Surgeries:* Laparotomy, Laparoscopy, Major Breast, Strabismus, Intraocular, Middle Ear, Tonsils, Adenoids, Neuro (intracranial), Gynecologic, Testicular, Scrotum, Kidney stones
50
If I have 0 PONV risk factors, what is the chance I will have PONV?
10% | This requires NO pre-treament drugs.
51
If I have 3 PONV risk factors, what is the chance I will have PONV? What drugs will you pre-treat your patient with?
> 60% chance. Give at least 3 pre-treament drugs: 5HT blocker, steroid, propofol + TIVA??
52
My patient requires 2 pre-treatment drugs for PONV; I gave zofran and decadron before her surgery. How many risk factors do you think she has? What are her chances of developing PONV based on this info?
2 risk factors = 40% chance of developing PONV
53
My pts chance of PONV is 20%. How many risk factors do they have? What drug(s) will you give them?
They have 1 risk factor and you should give a 5HT-blocker like zofran :)
54
# NON OPIOID ANALGESICS 1x Dose & daily MAX dose. **Acetaminophen** | Ofirmev
1000mg q 4-6hr MAX: 3-4g qd
55
# NON OPIOID ANALGESICS 1x Dose & daily MAX dose. **Ketorlac** | Toradol
15-30mg q6h 60-120mg qd
56
# NON OPIOID ANALGESICS 1x Dose & daily MAX dose. **Ibuprofen** | Caldor
200-800mg q6h 3200mg qd
57
Dose of Ephedrine for HoTN? Main receptor(s)?
5mg ⍺ & β
58
Dose of Neosynephrine for HoTN? Main receptor(s)?
100mcg ⍺
59
Labetalol dose for HTN? Main receptors?
5mg ⍺ & β
60
Esmolol dose for HTN? Main receptor?
10mg β1
61
Hydralazine dose? Main receptor?
5mg Directly vasodilates on the smooth muscle of the arterioles.
62
What is the dose of Dantrolene for MH?
2.5mg/kg IV (repeat q5-10mins prn) ## Footnote MAX 10mg/kg

Mar: TXWES reference guide (2 decks)

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