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Medical Assistant Exam > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

(92 cards)

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1
Q

Anticoagulants

A

Blood thinners

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2
Q

Warfarin (Coumadin)

A

Anticoagulant; prevents blood clots, used for atrial fibrillation, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE)

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3
Q

Heparin

A

Anticoagulant; prevents and treats blood clots

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4
Q

Aspirin

A

Anticoagulant or antiplatelet; used for pain relief, and prevention of heart attacks and strokes

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5
Q

Antidiabetics

A

Used to treat diabetes, lowers blood sugar levels

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6
Q

Metformin (Glucophage)

A

Antidiabetic; first line medication for Type 2 diabetes, helps control blood sugar levels by decreasing glucose production in the liver

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7
Q

Insulin (Humalog, Novolog, Lantus)

A

Antidiabetic; treats Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes (when oral meds aren’t enough) and regulates blood sugar by promoting glucose absorption into cells

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8
Q

Glipizide

A

Antidiabetic; oral medication for Type 2 diabetes, increases insulin production

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9
Q

Antibiotics

A

Used to treat bacterial infections

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10
Q

Amoxicillin

A

Antibiotic; a broad spectrum antibiotic used to treat infections like pneumonia, ear infections, and strep throat

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11
Q

Azithromycin (Zithromax)

A

Antibiotic; treats infections like respiratory infections (bronchitis, pneumonia), STDs, and some skin infections

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12
Q

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

A

Antibiotic; treats bacterial infections like UTIs, respiratory infections, and skin infections

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13
Q

Analgesics

A

Used for pain management

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14
Q

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

A

Analgesic; treats mild to moderate pain (headaches, muscle aches, etc.) and fever

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15
Q

Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)

A

Analgesic; treats mild to moderate pain, inflammation, and fever (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAID, works by reducing inflammation)

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16
Q

Hydrocodone

A

Analgesic; a narcotic pain reliever used for moderate to severe pain (often combined with acetaminophen)

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17
Q

Oxycodone

A

Analgesic; strong pain relief for moderate to severe pain (often combined with acetaminophen)

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18
Q

Hypertension

A

Used to treat high blood pressure

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19
Q

Lisinopril

A

Hypertension; ACE inhibitor for high blood pressure and heart failure

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20
Q

Amlodipine (Norvasc)

A

Hypertension; calcium channel blocker used for high blood pressure and chest pain (angina)

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21
Q

Losartan

A

Hypertension; angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used for high blood pressure and protecting kidneys in diabetes

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22
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)

A

Hypertension; diuretic used for high blood pressure and fluid retention (edema)

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23
Q

Antidepressants

A

Used to treat mental illnesses

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24
Q

Fluoxetine (Prozac)

A

Antidepressant; SSRI used for depression, anxiety disorders, and OCD

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25
Sertraline (Zoloft)
Antidepressant; SSRI for depression, panic disorder, social anxiety, and PTSD
26
Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
Antidepressant; treats depression, anxiety, and ADHD, also used to help quit smoking
27
Respiratory Medications
Used to treat or prevent respiratory illnesses
28
Albuterol (ProAir, Ventolin)
Respiratory medication; short-acting bronchodilator used to treat asthma and COPD exacerbations by relaxing airway muscles
29
Fluticasone (Flonase)
Respiratory medication; inhaled corticosteroid used to prevent asthma and allergic rhinitis symptoms by reducing inflammation
30
Montelukast (Singulair)
Respiratory medication; leukotriene receptor antagonist used for asthma and allergic rhinitis prevention
31
Cholesterol Medications
Used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood
32
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Cholesterol medication; statin used to lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart disease
33
Simvastatin (Zocor)
Cholesterol medication; statin for lowering cholesterol and reducing the risk of stroke and heart attacks
34
Antihistamines
Used to relieve allergy symptoms
35
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Antihistamine; first generation antihistamine used for allergy symptoms, motion sickness and as sleep aid
36
Loratadine (Claritin)
Antihistamine; second generation antihistamine used for seasonal allergies without causing drowsiness
37
Antacids and GERD
Used to treat heartburn and indigestion, typically over the counter
38
Omeprazole (Prilosec)
Antacid; proton pump inhibitor used to treat GERD, ulcers, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
39
Ranitidine (Zantac)
Antacid; H2 blocker used to treat acid reflux, ulcers, and indigestion
40
Calcium carbonate (Tums)
Antacid; used for heartburn and indigestion
41
Topical Medications
Applied directly to skin to treat conditions like rashes, infections, or inflammation
42
Hydrocortisone cream
Topical medication; used to treat skin conditions like eczema, allergic reactions, and inflammation
43
Bacitracin
Topical medication; used to treat minor skin infections and cuts
44
Clotrimazole (Lotrimin)
Topical medication; treats fungal infections like athlete's foot, ringworm, and yeast infections
45
Antifungals
Used to treat fungal infections, either topically or systemically
46
Fluconazole (Diflucan)
Antifungal; used to treat yeast infections, including oral thrush and vaginal yeast infections
47
Terbinafine (Lamisil)
Antifungal; used to treat fungal skin infections including athlete's foot and ringworm
48
Antipsychotics
Used to treat psychiatric disorders
49
Haloperidol (Haldol)
Antipsychotic; used to treat schizophrenia and acute psychosis
50
Risperidone (Risperdal)
Antipsychotic; used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and irritability in autism
51
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
Antipsychotic; used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
52
Antiemetics
Used to treat nausea and vomiting
53
Ondansetron (Zofran)
Antiemetic; used to treat nausea and vomiting due to chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or surgery
54
Promethazine (Phenergan)
Antiemetic; used to treat nausea and vomiting, motion sickness, and allergic reactions
55
Steroids
Used to reduce inflammation
56
Prednisone
Steroid; used to treat inflammation in conditions like asthma, arthritis, and autoimmune disorders
57
Methylprednisolone (Medrol)
Steroid; used to treat inflammation, allergies, and flare-ups of chronic illnesses
58
Sedatives and Anxiolytics
Used to reduce anxiety or induce sleep
59
Diazepam (Valium)
Anxiolytic; used to treat anxiety, muscle spasms, seizures, and alcohol withdrawal symptoms
60
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Anxiolytic; used to treat anxiety disorders, sleep disorders, and seizures
61
Temazepam (Restoril)
Anxiolytic; used to treat insomnia (helps people fall asleep)
62
Birth Control and Hormonal Medications
Used to manage contraception or hormone imbalances
63
Oral contraceptives (Ethinyl estradiol/Levonorgestrel)
Birth control; prevents pregnancy, regulates menstrual cycles, and can be used for acne
64
Depo-Provera
Birth control; injectable form of birth control, effective for 3 months
65
Premarin
Hormonal medication; hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for menopausal symptoms like hot flashes
66
Immunizations and Vaccines
Used to prevent certain illnesses
67
Influenza vaccine
Immunization; protects against the flu virus
68
Tdap vaccine (Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis)
Immunization; prevents tetanus, diphtheria, and whooping cough
69
Hepatitis B vaccine
Immunization; protects against Hepatitis B virus infection
70
MMR vaccine
Immunization; protects against measles, mumps, and rubella
71
Antihypertensives
Used to lower blood pressure
72
Clonidine (Catapres)
Antihypertensive; used for high blood pressure, ADHD, and withdrawal symptoms from opioids
73
Metoprolol (Lopressor)
Antihypertensive; used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and angina
74
Carvedilol (Coreg)
Antihypertensive; used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure
75
Antivirals
Used to treat viral infections
76
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
Antiviral; used to treat herpes simplex virus infections (cold sores, genital herpes)
77
Valacyclovir (Valtrex)
Antiviral; use to treat herpes infections and shingles
78
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
Antiviral; used to treat influenza, can reduce symptoms if taken early
79
Erectile Dysfunction Medications
Used for patients with difficulty maintaining erections
80
Sildenafil (Viagra)
Erectile Dysfunction Medication; used to treat erectile dysfunction by improving blood flow to the penis
81
Tadalafil (Cialis)
Erectile Dysfunction Medication; used to treat erectile dysfunction and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
82
Gastrointestinal Medication
Used to treat digestive issues
83
Esomeprazole (Nexium)
GI medication; used to treat GERD, ulcers, and damage to esophagus
84
Pantoprazole (Protonix)
GI medication; used to treat GERD and stomach ulcers
85
Loperamide (Imodium)
GI medication; used to treat diarrhea
86
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
Antihistamine; used to treat allergies, hay fever, and itching
87
Fexofenadine (Allegra)
Antihistamine; used to treat seasonal allergies and hives
88
Antiepileptics
Used to control and prevent seizures
89
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Antiepileptic; used to prevent and control seizures
90
Valproic acid (Depakote)
Antiepileptic; used to treat seizures, bipolar disorder, and migraine prevention
91
Antiplatelets
Used to prevent blood cells from sticking together and reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes
92
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Antiplatelet; used to prevent blood clots, and therefore heart disease and stroke

Medical Assistant Exam (6 decks)

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