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Cardio-Pulmonary-Renal > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What types of fibers are the pre-ganglionic nerves in the PARAsympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

A

Myelinated

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2
Q

What type of fibers are the potganglionic nerves of the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

A

Unmyelinated

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3
Q

What types of tissue are controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

A

Cardiac (nodes, muscle, conduction sys) Glands Smooth Muscle

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4
Q

What is the primary neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic division of the ANS?

A

ACh

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5
Q

What is/are the primary neurotransmitter(s) of the sympathetic division of the ANS

A

Norepinephrine and epinephrine

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6
Q

What is miosis?

A

pupillary constriction

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7
Q

What causes miosis?

A

ACh stimulates contraction of sphincter muscles of pupils (parasympathetic innervation)

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8
Q

What is mydriasis?

A

pupillary dilation

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9
Q

What causes mydriasis?

A

Sympathetic innervation causes contraction of radial muscles of pupils

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10
Q

What are the 2 types of ACh (cholinergic) receptors?

A

Nicotinic Muscarinic

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11
Q

Where are Nicotinic cholinergic receptors located?

A

Skeletal muscle Adrenal medulla Preganglionic synapses

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12
Q

Where are muscarinic cholinergic receptors located?

A

Heart

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13
Q

Where are A1 receptors typically located?

A

postsynaptic effector cells (esp. smooth muscle)

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14
Q

What is the result of ligand binding of A1 receptor?

A

Formation of IP3 and DAG INCREASE in intracellular Ca

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15
Q

What is the usual location of A2 receptors?

A

Presynaptic adrenergic nerve terminals platelets lipocytes smooth muscle

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16
Q

What is the result of A2 ligand binding?

A

Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase Increased cAMP

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17
Q

What is the typical location of B1 receptors?

A

Post synaptic effector cells (esp Heart) lipocytes, brain, presynaptic adrenergic and cholinergic nerve terminals, renal tubules, ciliary body epithelium

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18
Q

What is the result of B1 ligand binding?

A

stimulation of adenylyl cyclase increased cAMP can activate cardiac G1

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19
Q

What is the typical location of B2 receptors?

A

Post synaptic effector cells (esp smooth muscle and cardiac muscle)

20
Q

What is the typical location of nicotinic receptors?

A

Skeletal muscle neuromuscular endplates (Nm) Postganglionic neurons Some presynaptic cholinergic terminals

21
Q

What is the result of nicotinic receptor ligand binding?

A

Opening of Na+ and K+ channels Resulting in depolarization

22
Q

What is the typical locations of M1 receptors?

A

CNS neurons Sympathetic post-ganglionic neurons some pre-synaptic sites

23
Q

What is the result on M1 receptor ligand binding?

A

Formation of IP3 and DAG Increased intracellular Ca

24
Q

What is the typical locations of M2 receptors?

A

Myocardium Smooth muscle some pre-synaptic sites CNS neurons

25
Q

What is the result of M2 receptor ligand binding?

A

Opening of K+ channels inhibition of adenylyl cyclase

26
Q

What is the typical location of M3 receptors?

A

Exocrine glands vessels (smooth muscle and endothelium) CNS Neurons

27
Q

What is the typical locations of M4 receptors?

A

CNS neurons Vagal nerve endings

28
Q

What is the typical location of M5 receptors?

A

Vascular endothelium (esp cerebral vessels) CNS neurons

29
Q

What is the result of M3 ligand binding?

A

formation of IP3 and DAG Increased intracellular Ca

30
Q

What is the result of M4 ligand binding?

A

Opening of K+ channels inhibition of adenylyl cyclase

31
Q

What is the result of M5 ligand binding?

A

Formation of IP3 and DAG increased intracellular Ca

32
Q

What is the result of D1 ligand binding?

A

Stimulation of adenylyl cyclase increased cAMP

33
Q

What is the result of D5 ligand binding?

A

Stimulation of adenylyl cyclase increased cAMP

34
Q

What is the result of D2 ligand binding?

A

Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase Increased K+ conductance

35
Q

What is the result of D3 ligand binding?

A

inhibition of adenylyl cyclase

36
Q

What is the result of D4 ligand binding?

A

Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase

37
Q

What is the typical location of D1 receptors?

A

Brain effector tissues (esp smooth muscle of renal vascular bed)

38
Q

What is the typical location of D5 receptors?

A

Brain effector tissues (esp smooth muscle of renal vascular bed)

39
Q

What is the typical location of D2 receptors?

A

Brain effector tissues (esp smooth muscle) presynaptic nerve terminals

40
Q

What is the typical location of D3 receptors?

A

Brain

41
Q

What is the typical location of D4 receptors?

A

Brain cardiovascular system

42
Q

What are the systemic effects of Alpha 1 stimulation?

A

pupil constriction Skin/splanchic vessel constriction (A1 and A2) Skeletal muscle vessel constriction (A1 & A2) Contraction of GI smooth muscle sphincters Contraction of GU smooth muscle sphincters Uterine contraction (A1 & A2) Ejacualtion (A1 & A2) Contraction of pilomotor smooth muscle (A1 & A2) Apocrine increase (A1 &A2) Gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis (A1 & A2)

43
Q

What are the systemic effects of Alpha 2 stimulation?

A

Contraction of GI tract walls Skin/splanchic vessel constriction (A1 and A2) Skeletal muscle vessel constriction (A1 & A2) Uterine contraction (A1 & A2) Ejacualtion (A1 & A2) Contraction of pilomotor smooth muscle (A1 & A2) Apocrine increase (A1 &A2) Gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis (A1 & A2)

44
Q

What are the systemic effects of Beta 1 stimulation?

A

Relaxation of ciliary muscle (B1 & B2) Acceleration of SA node, ectopic pacemakers (B1& B2) Increase contractility of heart (B1 & B2) Release of renin from kidneys

45
Q

What are the systemic results of Beta 2 stimulation?

A

Relaxation of ciliary muscle (B1 & B2) Acceleration of SA node, ectopic pacemakers (B1& B2) Skeletal muscle vessel relaxation Increase contractility of heart (B1 & B2) Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle Relaxation of smooth muscle of GI tract walls Relaxation of bladder wall smooth muscle Relaxation of uterus Gluconeogenesis & Glycogenolysis

46
Q
A

Class

Doseage

Indications

Effects:

Cardio-Pulmonary-Renal (3 decks)

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