Pharmacology

Question 1

Factor in a patient’s condition that makes the use of a drug dangerous or ill advised. ie: glucophage/iodine

Answer 1

Contraindications

Question 2

Substance that serves to ease pain or severity of a disease but does not cure it. ie: morphine/kidney stone

Answer 2

Palliative

Question 3

Contains NO active ingredients, given for suggestive effects or to please a person. ei: sugar pills or last 5 pill of birth control

Answer 3

Placebo

Question 4

Glass container with rubber stopper circled by a metal band, usually single dose.

Answer 4

Vial

Question 5

ALWAYS single dose, made of glass, snap cap away and draw up with filter needle.

Answer 5

Ampule

Question 6

Pain relieving drugs; relieve pain or alter the perception of pain. Could be narcotics such as morphine or synthetic drugs with morphine like effects. ied: Demeraol, Darvon; non-narcotics such as Tylenol or Aspirin

Answer 6

Analgesic

Question 7

Prevents or relieves nausea and/or vomiting. ie: Phenergan, Compazine

Answer 7

Antiemetics

Question 8

Used to induce vomiting especially in the case of poisons. ie: Ipecac Syrup

Answer 8

Emetics

Question 9

Listed as controlled subsances; given when symptoms of tremors, restlessness, dry mouth, tachycardia, dizziness, diaphoresis, irritability and insomnia, etc. affect the person’s ability to carry on normal life. ie: Xanax, Ativan (given as pre-op or pre-procedure sedation

Answer 9

Antianxiety

Question 10

Anything, medicine or other modes of therapy that act to prevent, cure, or alleviate mental depression. ie: Prozac

Answer 10

Antidepressant

Question 11

Counteracts inflammation. ie: Ibuprofen, Topical Cortisone, Hydrocortisone

Answer 11

Anti-Inflammatory

Question 12

A drug or physical force that acts to control or prevent cardiac arrythmias (irregularity or loss of rhythm esp in the heart)

Answer 12

Antiarrhythmia

Question 13

Causing relaxation of the blood vessels, a nerve, or a drug that dilates the blood vessels, used for angina or hypertension. ie: Nitroglycerin

Answer 13

Vasodilator

Question 14

That which constrics or narrows the caliber of blood vessels.

Answer 14

Vasoconstictor

Question 15

An agent that increases the secretion of urine; an increase in blood flow in the renal vessels, increased urine formation. ei: Lasix

Answer 15

Diuretics

Question 16

Agent that prevents or controls high blood pressure. ie: Calcium Channel Blockers, Cardizem

Answer 16

Anti-Hypertensive

Question 17

Agent that prevents or delays blood coagulation. ie: Aspirin, Heparin, Coumadin

Answer 17

Anti-Coagulant

Question 18

That which causes fluid to coagulate; change from fluid state to a semi-solid state (the clotting ability).

Answer 18

Coagulant

Question 19

Works against allergic reactions.

Answer 19

Anti-Allergic.

Question 20

Drug that opposes the action of histamine (flushing of the skin etc.) for manifestations of allergic reactions, relieves/prevents itching. ie: Benadryl, Seldane, Topical Calamine Lotion

Answer 20

Antihistamine

Question 21

Bring upon the opening or dilation of a bronchus. ie: Provental or Asthma meds etc.

Answer 21

Bronchodilators

Question 22

Destroying or stopping the growth of bacteria, ie: neosporin, tinactic, monostat

Answer 22

Antibacterials

Question 23

Agents which prevent sepsis by preventing or inhibiting the growth of causative micro-organisms. ie: hibiclens, betadine

Answer 23

Antiseptic

Question 24

Substance that prevents infection by killing bacteria; mostly used on equipment or surfaces rather than in or upon the body. ie: usually a chemical or physical agent.

Answer 24

Disinfectant

Question 25

An agent that exerts a soothing or tranquilizing effect; may be general, local, nervous, or vascular. ei: valium

Answer 25

Sedative

Question 26

Drugs that cause an insensitivity to pain by inhibiting afferent impulses or inhibiting the sensory impressions in the brain causing partial or complete unconsciousness. Includes sedatives, analgesics, anesthetics

Answer 26

Hypnotic

Question 27

Agent that produces anesthesia, subdivided into general or local according to their action; partial or complete loss of sensation with or without loss of consciousness as a result of disease, injury, or administration of an agent usually by injection or inhalation.

Answer 27

Anesthetic

Question 28

An active purgative; producing bowel movements; cleansing; a laxative is a small dose to relieve constipation; a purgative is a large dose to evacuate entire GI tract. ei: fleet's enema, ex-lax

Answer 28

Cathartic

Question 29

Substance used to prevent or treat diarrhea; absorbs excess fluids or lessens intestinal mobility to allow more time to absorb. ei: immodium

Answer 29

Antidiarrheal

Question 30

A common drug given in the radiology setting; used to treat hypoglycemia by elevating blood glucose levels, also used in x-ray in induce intestinal relaxation usually during barium enema exams. (also found on emergency stat carts)

Answer 30

Glucagon

Question 31

Covering added to various types of oral medication that aids in intestinal absorption; often this covering is used to delay medication release until it reaches a specific point in the alimentary canal; designed to be absorbed in the intestinal tract.

Answer 31

Enteric Coated (difference between generic and brand)

Question 32

Agent or medication that reduces fever; works against fever development.

Answer 32

Antipyretic

Question 33

Medication administered that enters through (across) the skin.

Answer 33

Transdermal

Question 34

Movement of administered drugs within the body.

Answer 34

Pharmacokinetics

Question 35

The type and acceptable amount of extraneous material that may safely be added to the active ingredient of a drug; how pure or authentic is the drug.

Answer 35

Purity

Question 36

The amount of a drug that becomes available for activity within the targeted tissue.

Answer 36

Bioavailibility

Question 37

The strength or power of the drug needed to achieve the desired effect.

Answer 37

Potency

Question 38

The effectiveness of each drug used in treatment; does it do what it claims to do, how effective are the results the drug achieves.

Answer 38

Efficacy

Question 39

Determined by the number and severity of adverse effects reported after use of the drug; these standards are monitored and refined constantly.

Answer 39

Safety and Toxicity

Question 40

Drugs that have the potential for abuse.

Answer 40

Controlled Substances

Question 41

Properties that are regulated by the FDA to confirm drug safety before a new drug can be marketed; new drugs must go through a series of animal and human testing prior to FDA approval.

Answer 41

Purity, Bioavailability, Potency, Efficacy, and Safety and Toxicity

Question 42

Radiographers are --1-- licensed to dispense drugs; there is a difference between --2-- drugs or medicine and --3-- it.

Answer 42

1. NOT 2. Administering 3. Dispensing