Pharmacology

Question 1

Naloxone

Answer 1

Reverses opiod-induced respiratory depression

Oxygen can be given after if needed

Question 2

Mycophenolate

Answer 2

Immunosuppressant

*watch for infection

Question 3

Donepezil

Answer 3

Decreases symptoms of dementia

Question 4

List some ACE inhibitors

Answer 4

Captopril (Capoten), Enalapril (Vasotec), Lisinopril (Zestril, Prinivil), Moexipril (Univasc), Ramipril (Altace)

Question 5

Function of ACE inhibitors

Answer 5

Arterial dilation and increased stroke volume. Blocks aldosterone so client loses sodium and water and retains potassium

Question 6

List some angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBS)

Answer 6

Losartan (Cozaar), Olmesartan (Benicar), Valsartan (Diovan

Question 7

Function of ARBS?

Answer 7

Potent vasodilator. Decreases peripheral resistance. Decrease the workload of the heart. Increase cardiac output and keep blood moving forward out of the heart.

Question 8

List some antidysrhythmics:

Answer 8

Amiodarone

Lidocaine

Question 9

List some antihypertensives:

Answer 9

Atenolol (Tenormin) Metoprolol (Lopressor) Propranolol (Inderal) Carvedilol (Coreg

Question 10

Calcium channel blockers

Answer 10

Amlodipine (Norvasc), Diltiazem (Cardizem), Ranolazine (Ranexa)

Question 11

Function of calcium channel blockers

Answer 11

Vasodilation of the arterial system to decrease arterial resistance and decrease BP. Dilates the coronary arteries so more oxygen reaches the heart muscle.

Question 12

Dobutamine (Dobutrex)

Answer 12

Used for shock
The beta1 effects enhance the force of myocardial contraction (positive inotropic effect) and increasing heart rate (positive chronotropic effect). The beta 2 effects produce mild vasodilation

Question 13

Epinephrine HCL (Adrenalin)

Answer 13

Causes direct vasoconstriction, thus, improving perfusion pressure to the brain and heart.
Increase cardiac output

Question 14

epoetin

Answer 14

Epoetin is prescribed to treat a lower than normal number of red blood cells (anemia) caused by chronic kidney disease in clients on dialysis, in HIV clients receiving zidovudine and in cancer clients receiving chemotherapy that develop anemia. Epoetin stimulates the bone marrow to produce more RBCs.

Question 15

What dietary restriction should be taught about MAOI’s?

Answer 15

limit tyramine ingestion- can cause severe hyperstension

Question 16

what is disulfiram used for?

Answer 16

treat alcholism

Question 17

what type of drug is cisplatin?

Answer 17

antineoplastic- causes death to rapidly dividing cells

MUST HAVE A WRITTEN ORDER NOT verbal

Question 18

What should be taught to patients taking isoniazid?

Answer 18

avoid foods high in tyramine

Question 19

What is melatonin?

Answer 19

manmade form of hormone that regulates internal clock

Question 20

what med are contraindicated taking with melatonin and why?

Answer 20

beta blockers

melatonin can raise bp

Question 21

trade name for sodium polystyrene sulfonate

What is it used for?

Answer 21

kayexalate

treat hyperkalemia

Question 22

How long does it take Nitroglycerin to work?

Answer 22

1 to 3 min

Question 23

what is a major complication of phenytoin?

What is it used for?

Answer 23

gingival hyperplasia- oral care is important*

anticonvulsant

Question 24

what is other name for enoxaparin?
What is it used for?
Antidote?

Answer 24

Lovenox
anticoagulant
protamine sulfate

Question 25

What is midazolam? | what is it used for?

Answer 25

benzodiazepam | sedation

Question 26

How should sucralfate be taken with other medications?

Answer 26

Take it at least 30 min after other medications. | It lines the stomach which can decrease absorption of other meds.

Question 27

Peak times of regular, intermediate, rapid, and long-acting insulins:

Answer 27

Regular- peaks 2-3 hours Rapid acting- 30 minutes.   Intermediate acting- 4 hours.  Long-acting- 6 hours.

Question 28

What should be avoided while taking MAOI's?

Answer 28

foods high in tryramine: strong or aged cheese, cured meats, smoked or process meats, liver (especially aged liver), pickled or fermented foods, sauces, soybeans, dried or overripe fruits, meat tenderizers, brewer's yeast, alcoholic beverages and caffeine- such as in tea, cokes and coffee Cause dangerous increase in BP

Question 29

Magnesium sulfate

Answer 29

stops preterm labor

Question 30

betamethasone

Answer 30

stimulates lung maturation in preterm births that are imminent

Question 31

Methotrexate

Answer 31

stops growth of fetus in ectopic pregnancy

Question 32

common name for calcium carbonate:

Answer 32

Tums

Question 33

side effects of epoetin

Answer 33

hemoptysis | high BP