Pharmacology Flashcards
First generation antihistamines
Diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, chlorpheniramine, promethazine, meclizine
*Names contain “-en/-ine” or “-en/ate”
Second generation antihistamines
Loratadine, fexofenadine, desloratadine, cetirizine
*Names usually contain “-adine”
Codeine analog that is ussed as an antitussive and antagonizes NMDA glutamate receptors
Dextrometorphan
Mechanism of action of bosentan
Competitively antagonizes endothelin-1 receptors, thereby reducing pulmonary vascular resistance and hypoxic vasoconstriction
PGI2 analogs
- Epoprostenol
* Iloprost
Type of patients in which first generation antihistamines are contraindicated
BPH patients
Main side effects of methylxanthines
- Cardiotoxicity
* Neurotoxicity
Drugs used to treat aspirin-induced asthma
Leukotriene antagonists
Live viral vaccines
“Mrr. V.Z. Mapsy”
- Mumps
- Rubella
- Rotavirus
- Varicella zoster
- Measles
- Adenovirus (pathogenic given in enteric capsules)
- Polio (sabin)
- Smallpox
- Yellow fever
Mechanism of action of pyrazinamide
Prodrug that Works best at acidic pH, thereby acting in phagolysosomes (exact mechanism uncertain)
Mechanism of action of ethambutol
Blocks arabinosyltransferase, thereby blocking arabinogalactan synthesis
High-risk patients in which palivizumab is indicated for RSV prophylaxis
- Chronic lung disease
- Prematurity
- Congenital heart disease
Antibiotic treatment of Klebsiella infection
Third-generation cephalosporins
- Cefotaxime
- Ceftriaxone
- Ceftazidime
Mechanism of action of magnesium sulfate in asthma treatment
- Inhibits calcium influx into airway smooth muscle
- Stabilizes T cells
- Inhibits mast cell degranulation
Antibiotic treatment of Legionella infection
Macrolides (azithromycin)
*Fluoroquinolones in patients with macrolide allergy
