Pharmacology

Question 1

What is leuprolide?

Answer 1

A gnRH analog

Question 2

What does Leuprolide do to LH/FSH when pulastile? Continuous?

Answer 2

Agonist when pulsatile

Antagonist when continuous

Question 3

What is leuprolide used for clinically (pulsatile)?

Answer 3

Infertility

Question 4

What is leuprolide used for clinically (continuous)? (3)

Answer 4

Prostate cancer

Uterine fibroids

Precocious puberty

Question 5

What does testosterone do to lipoproteins?

Answer 5

Increases LDL, decreases HDL

Question 6

What is finasteride?

Answer 6

A 5 alpha reductase inhibitor

Question 7

What is finastride used to treat (2)?

Answer 7

BPH

Male pattern baldness

Question 8

What is flutamide?

Answer 8

A competitive inhibitor of the testosterone receptor

Question 9

What is flutamide used to treat?

Answer 9

Prostate carcinoma

Question 10

What does ketoconazole do?

Answer 10

Inhibits steroid synthesis

Question 11

What does spironolactone do steroid wise?

Answer 11

Inhibits steroid binding

Question 12

What are ketoconazole and spironolactone used to treat?

Answer 12

PCOS

Question 13

What are the side effects of ketoconazole and spironolactone? (2)

Answer 13

Gynecomastia

Amenorrhea

Question 14

What do estrogens (ethinyl estradiol, DES, mestranol) increase the risk of?

Answer 14

Endometrial cancer

Question 15

What does DES increase the risk of to females exposed in utero?

Answer 15

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina

Question 16

What class of drugs do comiphene, tamoxifen and raloxifene belong to?

Answer 16

Selective estrogen receptor modulators

Question 17

What does Clomiphene do? (2)

Answer 17

Partial agonist at estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus

Results in increased release of LH and FSH from the pituitary

Question 18

What is clomiphene used to treat? (2)

Answer 18

Infertility and PCOS

Question 19

What does tamoxifen do?

Answer 19

ER antagonist on breast tissue

Question 20

What is tamoxifen used to treat?

Answer 20

ER positive breast cancer

Question 21

What does raloxifene do?

Answer 21

Agonist for ER on bone

Reduces bone resorption

Question 22

What is raloxifene used to treat?

Answer 22

Osteoporosis

Question 23

What are anastrozole/exemestane?

What are they used for?

Answer 23

Aromatase inhibitors

Post-menopausal women with breast cancer

Question 24

What do progestins do?

Answer 24

Bind progestin receptors-reduce growth and increase vascularization of the endometrium

Question 25

What is progestin used for? (3)

Answer 25

OCT Treatment of endometrial cancer Abnormal uterine bleeding

Question 26

What is Mifepristone (RU 486)?

Answer 26

Competitive inhibitor of the progesterone receptor

Question 27

What is mifepristone (RU 486) used for? What is it administerd with? What class of drugs is this

Answer 27

Termination of pregnancy Misoprostol (PGE1)

Question 28

What is terbutaline? What is it used for?

Answer 28

B2 agonist that relaxes the uterus Used to reduce premature uterine contractions

Question 29

What is Tamulosin?

Answer 29

Alpha 1 antagonist, inhibits SMC contraction in the prostate

Question 30

What is tamulosin used to treat?

Answer 30

BPH

Question 31

What is the risk for patients taking nitrates and viagra?

Answer 31

Life threatening hypotension

Question 32

What is danazol?

Answer 32

A synthetic androgen that acts as a partial agonist at androgen receptors

Question 33

What is danazol used to treat?

Answer 33

Endometriosis (endometrial cells proliferate outside of the uterus-usually in abdomen) Hereditary angioedema

Question 34

What is daclizumab?

Answer 34

Antibody against IL-2 receptor on activted T cells

Question 35

What is daclizumab used for?

Answer 35

Prevent rejection in renal allograft recipients

Question 36

What are the short acting Benzo's? Do they increase the risk of fall? What is their side effect

Answer 36

Alprazolam Trizolam Oxazepam Low fall risk High risk of withdrawl

Question 37

What are the medium acting benzos?

Answer 37

Estazolam Lorazepam Temazepam

Question 38

What are the long acting benzos? | What is their major side effect?

Answer 38

Chlordiazepoxide Clorazepate Diazepam Flurazepam Increase fall risk