Pharmacology: Chapter 6 Opiod (Narcotic) Analgesics and Antagonists Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are the 3 opioid receptors?
mu (µ), kappa (k), delta (∂)
What do opioids function to do?
alter the reception of reaction to pain
mu (µ) receptors produce?
analgesia (the inability to feel pain)
k receptors produce?
analgesia and dysphoria with pentazocine (uneasiness or dissatisfaction)
What is ADME?
The components of how a drug is handled/processed by a living organism: Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion
Absorption
the absorption of a drug by lungs, nasal, and oral mucosa through the mucous membrane and intact skin
Distribution
where drug undergoes variable first pass metabolism in the liver or intestinal wall, thus reducing their bioavailability
Metabolism
occurs in the liver in conjugation with glucuronic acid
Excretion
where metabolized opioids are excreted by glomerular filtration and then excreted by urine
What does first pass metabolism do?
reduces bioavailability of a certain opioid/drug (distribution phase)
____ is the opioid analgesic by which other opioids are measured?
Morphine
What class of drug is Morphine, Oxycodone, Hydrocodone?
Class II
What class of drug is Tylenol 3?
Class III
What is the Controlled Substance Act of 1970?
an Act that sets requirements for writing prescriptions for drugs (that are often prescribed in the dental office)
Schedule II drugs ____ be refilled?
Cannot
What is opioid addiction?
A disease of the brain that involves both a physical dependence and a psychologic dependence on the drug
What are the two major signs of opioid addiction?
Cravings/Intense desire for the drug
Loss of control of the ability to stop using the drug or to control the amount
The most common side effect of the opioid analgesics?
Sedation
Long term administration of opioid analgesics can lead to?
Tolerance
Habituation
Dependence
