Pharmacology Common Terms

Question 1

What is pharmacology?

Answer 1

The study of drugs and their effects on the body.

Question 2

True or False: Pharmacodynamics refers to how the body affects a drug.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What does pharmacokinetics study?

Answer 3

The absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the amount of drug that is available to the target tissue after administration.

Answer 4

bioavailability

Question 5

What is the definition of ‘half-life’ in pharmacology?

Answer 5

The time it takes for the concentration of a drug in the bloodstream to decrease by half.

Question 6

Multiple Choice: Which term describes the unintended effects of a drug? A) Therapeutic effects B) Side effects C) Adverse effects D) All of the above

Answer 6

D) All of the above

Question 7

What does the term ‘therapeutic index’ refer to?

Answer 7

The ratio between the toxic dose and the therapeutic dose of a drug.

Question 8

True or False: A drug with a high therapeutic index is considered safer than one with a low therapeutic index.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What is meant by ‘drug interaction’?

Answer 9

When the effects of one drug are altered by the presence of another drug.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: The _____ route of administration delivers drugs directly into the bloodstream.

Answer 10

intravenous

Question 11

What does ‘contraindication’ mean?

Answer 11

A specific situation in which a drug should not be used.

Question 12

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common method of drug administration? A) Oral B) Intramuscular C) Subcutaneous D) All of the above

Answer 12

D) All of the above

Question 13

What is the purpose of a loading dose?

Answer 13

To quickly achieve a therapeutic drug concentration in the bloodstream.

Question 14

True or False: Generic drugs are always less effective than brand-name drugs.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

What does the term ‘potency’ refer to in pharmacology?

Answer 15

The amount of drug needed to produce a desired effect.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: _____ are chemical substances that bind to receptors and activate them.

Answer 16

Agonists

Question 17

What is the role of an antagonist in pharmacology?

Answer 17

To block the action of agonists at receptor sites.

Question 18

Multiple Choice: Which term describes the study of how drugs interact with living organisms? A) Toxicology B) Pharmacogenetics C) Pharmacodynamics D) Pharmacotherapy

Answer 18

C) Pharmacodynamics

Question 19

What is ‘adverse drug reaction’?

Answer 19

An unwanted or harmful reaction experienced following the administration of a drug.

Question 20

True or False: All medications have the potential for side effects.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What does ‘therapeutic effect’ mean?

Answer 21

The desired, beneficial effect of a drug.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a standard measurement used to express the concentration of a drug in the body.

Answer 22

dosage

Question 23

What is the ‘first-pass effect’?

Answer 23

The metabolism of a drug by the liver before it reaches systemic circulation.

Question 24

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a route of drug elimination? A) Renal B) Fecal C) Pulmonary D) Dermal

Answer 24

D) Dermal

Question 25

What does 'cumulative effect' refer to?

Answer 25

The increased effect of a drug resulting from repeated doses.

Question 26

True or False: Tolerance occurs when a drug's effectiveness decreases over time.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What is a drug? 1. Any chemical 2. Medication only 3. Any chemical that can affect living processes 4. All of the above

Answer 27

3. Any chemical that can affect living processes

Question 28

What is the study of drugs in humans called?

Answer 28

Clinical pharmacology

Question 29

What is the study of drugs and their interactions with living systems called?

Answer 29

Pharmacology

Question 30

What is also known as pharmacotherapeutics The use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease or to prevent pregnancy?

Answer 30

Therapeutics

Question 31

Name the three properties most important for an ideal drug.

Answer 31

Effectiveness Safety Selectivity

Question 32

What is the most important property a drug can have?

Answer 32

Effectiveness

Question 33

What is the therapeutic Objectiveof Drug Therapy?

Answer 33

To provide maximum benefit with minimum harm

Question 34

Name the four major pharmacokinetic processes

Answer 34

Drug absorption Drug distribution Drug metabolism Drug excretion

Question 35

Name three variables for an individual variation of drugs

Answer 35

Pathologic Physiologic Generic

Question 36

Name the six Rights of Medication Administration

Answer 36

Right drug Right patient Right dose Right route Right time Right documentation

Question 37

Name six preadministration high-risk factors to assess

Answer 37

Liver and kidney impairment Genetic factors Drug allergies Pregnancy Older adult or pediatric age group Tools: Patient history, physical examination, and laboratory results

Question 38

Assessing the client's capacity for self-care applies to all clients True or False

Answer 38

True

Question 39

How many identifiers are needed for client verification for medication administration? 1. One 2. Four 3. Three 4. Two

Answer 39

4. Two

Question 40

True or False- A nurse may give a medication even if you do not know the drug's action.

Answer 40

False

Question 41

Drug therapy can often be enhanced by nondrug measures name four

Answer 41

Biofeedback, Emotional support, Smoking cessation, Sodium restriction,

Question 42

Is it necessary to assess the therapeutic response to a PRN medication? Yes or No

Answer 42

Yes

Question 43

What knowledge must the nurse know about a medication for effective patient or client education? Here is an easy way to remember: Mysterious Dermatologists Tossed Rough Dreamy Mushrooms

Answer 43

Medication ( names) Dose Time Route Duration of treatment Method of storage

Question 44

Name the steps in the Nursing Process

Answer 44

Assess Analyze Plan Implement Evaluate

Question 45

Can you name the steps in the Clinical Judgment Model? There are six steps.

Answer 45

Recognize cues Analyze cues Prioritize hypotheses Generate solutions Take action Evaluate outcomes

Question 46

Which steps in the Clinical Judgment does the nurse collect baseline data to assess a therapeutic response or for an adverse effect of a drug?

Answer 46

Recognize and Analyze cues

Question 47

What steps does a nurse identify high-risk patients Determine the patient’s capacity for self-care Judge the appropriateness of the prescribed regimen?

Answer 47

Analyze/Analyze Cues and Prioritize Hypotheses

Question 48

When was the Federal Pure Food and Drug Act? For what purpose?

Answer 48

1906 - Prohibited the sale of misbranded drugs and food

Question 49

What act required new drugs to undergo pre-market safety evaluations?

Answer 49

Food Drug and Cosmetic Act 1938

Question 50

What act gave the FDA the authority to delay or block the marketing of new drugs?

Answer 50

Food Drug and Cosmetic Act 1938

Question 51

This important act categorizes substances into five schedules based on their medical use, potential for abuse, and safety. Can you name this Act?

Answer 51

Controlled Substances Act, 1970

Question 52

What was Kefauer Harris Act 1962?

Answer 52

Drug Investigations Efficacy and safety

Question 53

Why is genotoxicity important in nursing pharmacology?

Answer 53

Because nurses who handle anti-neoplastic drugs may experience increased genetic damage due to occupational exposure

Question 54

Cisplatin, and carboplatin are examples of what kind of drugs?

Answer 54

Genotoxic drugs ( drugs that can damage DNA and cause mutations)

Question 55

Name three reference books for nurses for drug information.

Answer 55

Physicians Desk Reference Drugs Facts and Comparisons Nursing Drug References