Pharmacology - Drug Reactions

Question 1

Coronary vasospasm

Answer 1

Cocaine, sumatriptan, ergots

Question 2

Cutaneous flushing

Answer 2

Vancomycin, adenosine, niacin, CCBs

Question 3

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 3

Doxorubicin, daunorubicin (chemotherapeutic intercalating agents)

Question 4

Torsades de pointes

Answer 4

Class III (K-channel blockers, e.g. amiodarone, sotalol) and Class IA (fast Na-channel blockers, e.g. quinidine, procainamide) anti-arrhythmics, macrolide antibiotics, antipsychotics, TCAs

Question 5

Adrenocortical insufficiency

Answer 5

Glucocorticoid withdrawal

Question 6

Hot flashes

Answer 6

Tamoxifen, clomiphene

Question 7

Hyperglycemia

Answer 7

Tacrolimus, protease inhibitors, niacin, HCTZ, beta-blockers, corticosteroids

Question 8

Hypothyroidism

Answer 8

Lithium, amiodarone, sulfonamides

Question 9

Acute cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice

Answer 9

Erythromycin

Question 10

Diarrhea

Answer 10

Metformin, erythromycin, colchicine, orlistat (lipase inhibitor), acarbose (alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, anti-diabetic)

Question 11

Hepatic necrosis

Answer 11

Halothane, Amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom), Valproic acid, Acetaminophen

Question 12

Hepatitis

Answer 12

INH

Question 13

Pancreatitis

Answer 13

Didanosine (reverse transcriptase inhibitor), corticosteroids, alcohol, valproic acid, azathioprine, diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ)

Question 14

Pseudomembranous colitis

Answer 14

Clindamycin, ampicillin, cephalosporins

Question 15

Agranulocytosis

Answer 15

Dapsone, clozapine, carbamazepine, colchicine, methimazole, propylthiouracil

Question 16

Aplastic anemia

Answer 16

Carbamazepine, methimazole, NSAIDs, benzene, chloramphenicol, propylthiouracil

Question 17

Direct Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia

Answer 17

Methyldopa, penicillin

Question 18

Gray baby syndrome

Answer 18

Chloramphenicol

Question 19

Hemolysis in G6PD deficiency

Answer 19

INH, sulfonamides, dapsone, primaquine, aspirin, ibuprofen, nitrofurantoin

Question 20

Megaloblastic anemia

Answer 20

Phenytoin, methotrexate, sulfa drugs

Question 21

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 21

Heparin, cimetidine

Question 22

Thrombotic complications

Answer 22

OCPs

Question 23

Fat redistribution

Answer 23

Protease inhibitors, glucocorticoids

Question 24

Gingival hyperplasia

Answer 24

Phenytoin, verapamil, cyclosporine, nifedipine

Question 25

Hyperuricemia

Answer 25

Pyrazinimide, thiazides, furosemide, niacin, cyclosporine

Question 26

Myopathy

Answer 26

Fibrates, niacin, colchicine, hydroxychloroquine, interferon-alpha, penicillamine, statins, glucocorticoids

Question 27

Osteoporosis

Answer 27

Corticosteroids, heparin

Question 28

Photosensitivity

Answer 28

Sulfonamides, amiodarone, tetracyclines, 5-FU

Question 29

SJS

Answer 29

Anti-epileptics (ethosuximide, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, phenytoin, phenobarbitol), allopurinol, sulfa drugs, penicillins

Question 30

SLE

Answer 30

Sulfa drugs, hydralazine, INH, procainamide, phenytoin, etanercept (recall: anti-histone antibodies)

Question 31

Teeth discoloration

Answer 31

Tetracyclines

Question 32

Tendonitis, tendon rupture, cartilage damage

Answer 32

Fluoroquinolones

Question 33

Cinchonism (similar to serotonin syndrome, plus hearing loss/tinnitus/rash)

Answer 33

Quinidine, quinine

Question 34

Parkinson-like syndrome

Answer 34

Antipsychotics, reserpine (blocks monoamine packaging into vesicles), metoclopramide (D2 antagonist, anti-emetic, pro-kinetic)

Question 35

Seizures

Answer 35

INH (B6 deficiency), bupropion, imipenem/cilastatin, tramadol, enflurane, metoclopramide

Question 36

Tardive dyskinesia

Answer 36

Antipsychotics, metoclopramide

Question 37

Diabetes insipidus

Answer 37

Lithium, demeclocycline

Question 38

Fanconi syndrome

Answer 38

Expired tetracycline

Question 39

Hemorrhagic cystitis

Answer 39

Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide (prevent by coadministering with mesna)

Question 40

Interstitial nephritis

Answer 40

Methicillin, NSAIDs, furosemide

Question 41

SIADH

Answer 41

Carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide, SSRIs

Question 42

Dry cough

Answer 42

ACE inhibitors

Question 43

Pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 43

Amiodarone, bleomycin, busulfan, methotrexate

Question 44

Anticholinergic picture

Answer 44

Atropine, TCAs, H1-blockers, antipsychotics

Question 45

Disulfiram picture

Answer 45

Metronidazole, certain cephalosporins, procarbazine, 1st-gen sulfonylureas

Question 46

Nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity

Answer 46

Aminoglycosides, vancomycin, loop diuretics, cisplatin