Pharmacology (Drugs)

Question 1

Give an example of a drug which will block 5-lipoxygenase pathways

Answer 1

Montelukast or Zafirlukast

Question 2

Give an example of a drug which through regular use can reduce bronchial reactivity but should only be used prophalactically

Answer 2

Sodium cromoglicate or Nedocromil Sodium

Question 3

What is the name of the Monoclonal antibody to IgE

Answer 3

Omalizumab

Question 4

Give 2 anti-IL-5 drugs

Answer 4

Mepolizumab or Reslizumab

Question 5

Give 2 anti-IL-13 drugs

Answer 5

Tralokinumab or Lebrikizumab

Question 6

What corticosteroid should be used to treat mild athsma daily?

Answer 6

Beclomethasone

Question 7

What corticosteroid should be used to treat stronger athsma daily?

Answer 7

Fluticasome

Question 8

What oral corticosteroid should be used to treat severe athsma and how is it taken?

Answer 8

Prednisolone is taken orally

Question 9

What IV corticosteroid should be used to treat severe athsma?

Answer 9

Hydrocortisone

Question 10

Give an example of an anti muscarinic

Answer 10

Ipratorpium, Oxitropium, Tiotropium, ect

Question 11

Give 2 examples of B2 agonists

Answer 11

Salbutamol and Salmeterol

Question 12

Give 3 examples of PDE inhibitors used for COPD and asthma

Answer 12

Theophylline, aminophylline or Roflumilast

Question 13

Give a β-adrenoceptor antagonist used to treat Hypertension

Answer 13

Atenolol

Question 14

Give a α-adrenoceptor antagonist

Answer 14

Doxazosin

Question 15

Give a α₂-adrenergic agonist

Answer 15

Clonidine

Question 16

Give 2 examples of ACE inhibitors

Answer 16

Ramipril, Captopril

Question 17

Give 2 angiotensin II receptor antagonists

Answer 17

Candesartan, Iosartan

Question 18

Give 2 Thiazide diuretics

Answer 18

Bendroflumethazide and metolazone

Question 19

Give 2 Loop diuretics

Answer 19

Furosemide, Bumetanide

Question 20

Why would you use a loop diuretic over a thiazide diuretic?

Answer 20

Loop Diuretics are better suited in more extreme cases of pulmonary oedema while Thiazide diuretics are more prophylactic

Question 21

Give 2 potassium-sparing diuretics

Answer 21

amiloride, spironolactone

Question 22

Give an example of a K+-sparing diuretic

Answer 22

Co-amilofruse

Question 23

Give an example of a Calcium channel antagonist

Answer 23

amlodipine, verapamil

Question 24

Give 2 examples of potassium channel openers

Answer 24

minoxidil and Verapamil

Question 25

What cardiac glycoside is recommended for use in heart failure?

Answer 25

Digoxin

Question 26

What Pulmonary Vasodilator should be used in heart failure?

Answer 26

Milrinone, it is a PDE inhibitor

Question 27

What B-adrenoceptor antagonist can be used in cases of heart failure?

Answer 27

Bisoprolol

Question 28

What drugs can be used to inhibit platelet aggregation in acture coronary syndrome?

Answer 28

Aspirin, clopidogrel, dipyridamole, abciximab

Question 29

Why may an LMW heparin be used over a unfractionated heparin?

Answer 29

Longer half life

Question 30

Give 2 examples of LMW Heparins

Answer 30

Enoxaparin, Dalteparin

Question 31

Gove an example of a Direct thrombin inhibitor you can use kn Acute Coronary syndrome

Answer 31

Dabigatran

Question 32

Give an example of a Direct factor X inhibitor used in Acute Coronary Syndrome

Answer 32

Rivaroxaban

Question 33

Give an example of a Vitamin K antagonist

Answer 33

Warfarin

Question 34

What are Vitamin K antagomists used for?

Answer 34

Used as anticoagulants

Question 35

Give 3 examples of thrombolytics used in actue coronary sydrome

Answer 35

Streptokinase, alteplase, tenecteplase

Question 36

When should thrombolytics be used?

Answer 36

To break up clots which are blocking affected arterys

Question 37

Give 3 examples of statins

Answer 37

Simvastatin, Atorvaststin, Rosuvaststin

Question 38

Give 2 examples of Fibrates

Answer 38

Fenofibrate, gemfibrozil

Question 39

What do fibrates do?

Answer 39

Lower triglyceride levels in the blood

Question 40

Give examples for drugs in each of the 4 classes of anti-arrhythmic drugs

Answer 40

Class 1: lidocaine Class 2: Bisoprolol or Atenolol Class 3: amiodarone Class 4: amlodopine

Question 41

What are the 4 classes of anti-arrhythmic drugs?

Answer 41

Class 1: Sodium channel blockers Class 2: Beta Blockers Class 3: potassium channel blockers Class 4: calcium channel blockers

Question 42

Give 2 Anti-histamines

Answer 42

Chlorphenamine, Cetrizine

Question 43

Give 2 examples of Opioids used for cough suppression

Answer 43

Dextromethorphan and Codeine

Question 44

What antidepressants works to cure smoking addiction and how?

Answer 44

Bupropion acts as an inhibitor of dopamine reuptake increasing permanent conc of dopamine. Varenicline works as a partial agonist at central nicotine’s receptors, competing for nicotine receptor binding and decreasing do-amine produced

Question 45

What