Pharmacology Final Exam Review

Question 1

what is pharmacology?

Answer 1

the study of drugs and their uses

Question 2

what is pharmacodynamics?

Answer 2

the body’s response to drugs

Question 3

what is absorption?

Answer 3

the passage of a drug from the site of administration into the bloodstream

Question 4

what is distribution?

Answer 4

the transportation of a drug from the site of administration into the bloodstream to the body tissues and intended site of action.

Question 5

what is a scored tablet?

Answer 5

a scored tablet is when the surface is bisected by a groove to allow for breakage into halves.

Question 6

what is giving medication by needle and syringe called?

Answer 6

parenteral medication

Question 7

What are some parenteral routes of administration?

Answer 7

intradermal (ID), subcutaneous (SC), intramuscular (IM) and intravenous (IV)

Question 8

what are the four forms of classifications of medication?

Answer 8

liquids, semiliquids, semisolids, and solids.

Question 9

What produces a therapeutic effect?

Answer 9

an active ingredient

Question 10

who was MyPlate developed by? and for what?

Answer 10

united states department of Agriculture and to assist in food buying and preparation.

Question 11

how many calories is MyPlate?

Answer 11

2000 calories

Question 12

Do adolescence need supplementation of vitamins and minerals?

Answer 12

no, its not necessary

Question 13

what shape are cocci bacteria?

Answer 13

round shaped

Question 14

what are some aseptic techniques?

Answer 14

hand washing, alcohol hand rub, sterilizing equipment, changing bed linens, using precautions when coming in contact with bodily fluid, and placing patients with certain diseases into isolation.

Question 15

how to apply ear drops to a child?

Answer 15

pull the auricle down and back

Question 16

how to apply ear drops to an adult?

Answer 16

pull the auricle upward and outward

Question 17

what is the appropriate way to apply lotion?

Answer 17

to pat with a piece of cotton

Question 18

why should you be careful when removing the dressing from a wound?

Answer 18

to avoid pulling away the scab

Question 19

how can a dressing that is sticking to a lesion be softened?

Answer 19

by moistening it with normal saline

Question 20

what is the medical term for chest pain?

Answer 20

angina pectoris

Question 21

what medications are indicated in the treatment of myocardial infarction?

Answer 21

aspirin and plavix

Question 22

what is Nicoderm CQ? how is it applied?

Answer 22

a nicotine patch used to promote smoking cessation and it is applied topically

Question 23

what are some antihistamines used to treat respiratory problems?

Answer 23

fexofenadine (allegra), loratadine (claritin), and cetizine hydrochoride (zyrtec)

Question 24

what do mechanisms of action antidiarrheals include?

Answer 24

absorbing bacteria and toxins that cause diarrhea, inhibiting intestinal motility, and coating the wall of the GI tract

Question 25

do antidiarrheals depress the action of the villi in the small intestine?

Answer 25

no

Question 26

what medications do antidiarrheals include?

Answer 26

pepto bismol, kaopectate, and Imodium- AD

Question 27

what are the most frequently used solutions for oral rehydration?

Answer 27

nutrient based solutions, such as Pedialyte

Question 28

what is furosemide (Lasix)?

Answer 28

is a diuretic

Question 29

how can birth control be administered?

Answer 29

orally, transdermally, intramuscularly, vaginally, and by implantation

Question 30

what is Plan B One-Step?

Answer 30

a type of contraceptive kit available for emergency contraception.

Question 31

what are the symptoms of hypoglycemia?

Answer 31

increased appetite, nervousness, heart palpitations, cold sweating, shakiness, and blurred vision.

Question 32

what is the treatment of choice fo hypoglycemia?

Answer 32

administering sugar

Question 33

what is a serious adverse reaction?

Answer 33

bone marrow depression

Question 34

what are examples of anti-inflammatory drugs?

Answer 34

ibuprofen, naproxen, and celecoxib

Question 35

what kind of properties do aspirin and acetaminophen have?

Answer 35

antipyretic and analgesic property

Question 36

how are attention deficit disorder (ADD) and narcolepsy treated?

Answer 36

CNS stimulants

Question 37

what potentiates the effects of antipsychotics and could lead to a fatal outcome?

Answer 37

alcohol

Question 38

what is the drug of choice for manic depressive disorder?

Answer 38

lithium carbonate

Question 39

what is a synthetic antiestrogen drug used in metastatic breast cancer in women

Answer 39

tamoxifen

Question 40

what is the preferred medication administration route for pediatric patients?

Answer 40

Oral

Question 41

why do drugs not reach the intestines as quickly in older adults?

Answer 41

because peristalsis becomes weaker

Question 42

how many mg in 1 gram?

Answer 42

1000mg

Question 43

how many lbs in 1kg

Answer 43

2.2lbs

Question 44

how many mL in 1 tsp?

Answer 44

5mL

Question 45

how many tbsp in 3tsp?

Answer 45

1

Question 46

what happens when older adults have cumulative effects?

Answer 46

changes in the liver function