Pharmacology - General

Question 1

What are the antibiotics that can cover MSSA?

Answer 1

Cloxacillin, augmentin, pip-tazo, cephalosporins (besides ceftazidime), carbapenems, co-trimoxazole, vancomycin

Question 2

What are the antibiotics that can cover MRSA

Answer 2

vancomycin, ceftaroline, co-trimoxazole, tigecycline, linezolid, daptomycin

Question 3

Why is ceftaroline not usually used for MRSA even though it can cover?

Answer 3

Has unnecessary gram neg coverage in addition to the MRSA coverage, therefore only used if needed to cover both MRSA and gram negatives

Question 4

What are the antibiotics that can cover Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Answer 4

pip-tazo, ceftazidime, cefepime, meropenem, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, amikacin (only for UTI)

Question 5

What are the antibiotics that can cover ESBL producing enterobacterales

Answer 5

carbapenems, gentamicin, amikacin

Question 6

What are the antibiotics that can cover Amp-C producing enterobacterales?

Answer 6

carbapenems, gentamicin, amikacin

Question 7

What are the antibiotics that can cover the anaerobes

Answer 7

metronidazole
Bacteroides fragilis: augmentin, pip-tazo, carbapenems

Question 8

What are the antibiotics that can cover Bacteroides fragilis?

Answer 8

metronidazole, augmentin, pip-tazo, carbapenems

Question 9

What antibiotics cannot reach the CSF?

Answer 9

1st & 2nd gen cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, macrolides, clindamycin

Question 10

What antibiotics can be used for CSF?

Answer 10

Penicillins, ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, meropenem, vancomycin

Question 11

What antibiotics are used for prostatitis?

Answer 11

Ciprofloxacin and co-trimoxazole

Question 12

Which antibiotics are bactericidal?

Answer 12

• Beta-lactams
• Glycopeptides
• Aminoglycosides
• Fluoroquinolones

Question 13

Which antibiotics are bacteriostatic?

Answer 13

• Macrolides
• Tetracyclines
• Trimethoprim and sulphonamides

Question 14

Which antibiotics can chelate w divalent cations?

Answer 14

Fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines

Question 15

Which antimicrobials are affected by acidity for absorption?

Answer 15

itraconazole, ketoconazole

Question 16

Which antimicrobials can cause QT prolongation?

Answer 16

erythromycin, clarithromycin, fluoroquinolones, azoles

Question 17

Which antimicrobials can cause nephrotoxicity?

Answer 17

aminoglycosides, vancomycin, amphotericin B, sulfonamides

Question 18

Which antimicrobials can cause myelosuppression?

Answer 18

co-trimoxazole, linezolid

Question 19

Which antimicrobials can cause photosensitivity?

Answer 19

sulphonamides, tetracyclines, quinolones

Question 20

What antimicrobials are avoided in children?

Answer 20

Tetracyclines, Tigecycline, Fluoroquinolones, Sulphonamides, Nitrofurantoin

Question 21

What antimicrobials are avoided in G6PD?

Answer 21

Sulphonamides, Nitrofurantoin, Fluoroquinolones

Question 22

What antibiotics are generally safe in pregnancy?

Answer 22

beta lactams, macrolides

Question 23

What antibiotics are generally cautioned or avoided in pregnancy?

Answer 23

tetracyclines, tigecycline, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin (nearing labour), metronidazole (1st trimester)

Question 24

Which antimicrobials can cause hepatotoxicity?

Answer 24

tetracyclines, tigecycline, macrolides, azoles, isoniazid, pyrazindamide

Question 25

Which antibiotics only cover Gram positives?

Answer 25

Vancomycin, cloxacillin, linezolid