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2 - MODA > Pharmacology of Peripheral Neural Transmission > Flashcards

Pharmacology of Peripheral Neural Transmission Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Atropine

A

Non-selective mAChR antagonist - blocks PNS actions

Dilate eyes, decrease glandular secretions, bronchodilation, decreased GI motility, increased HR

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2
Q

Atracurium, Pancuronium

A

Non-depolarising N.M.J. blockers used as muscle relaxants in surgery (greater effect on fast muscle fibres)

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3
Q

Riociguat

A

Allosteric activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase used in some forms of pulmonary hypertension

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4
Q

Carbidopa

A

Peripheral DDC inhibitor used to reduce the side-effects of L-DOPA

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5
Q

Atenolol

A

Beta-1-receptor antagonist used as an antihypertensive

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6
Q

Tetanus toxin

A

Cleaves synaptobrevin in inhibitory neurons (to motor neurons) increasing excitability

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7
Q

L-DOPA

A

Dopamine precursor used to increase production in brain in Parkinson’s

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8
Q

Entacapone

A

COMT inhibitor used in Parkinson’s

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9
Q

Reserpine

A

Binds VMAT-2 preventing uptake of NA (& 5-HT) into vesicles was used as antihypertensive but discontinued due to profound depression

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10
Q

Hexamethonium

A

Ganglionic nAChR channel pore blocker

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11
Q

Isoprenaline

A

Beta-receptor agonist was used in asthma but the increase in HR was problematic

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12
Q

Mecamylamine

A

Non-competitive ganglionic blocker

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13
Q

Pirenzepine

A

M1 antagonist used to decrease acid secretion

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14
Q

Darifenacin

A

M3 antagonist used to decrease bladder activity

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15
Q

Dipyridamole

A

Blocks uptake of adenosine - potentiates response

& inhibits PDE-V

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16
Q

Tyramine

A

Displaces NA from vesicles causing vasoconstriction (especially in people taking MAO inhibitors)

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17
Q

Clonidine

A

Slightly selective alpha-2-receptor agonist used as an anti-hypertensive (acts in hindbrain - maybe on imidazoline I-1-receptor)

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18
Q

Edrophonium

A

Short-acting anti-AChE used to diagnose myasthenia gravis

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19
Q

Alpha-bungarotoxin

A

N.M.J. blocker

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20
Q

Clorgiline

A

Selective inhibitor of MAO-A used in depression

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21
Q

Xylazine

A

Alpha-2-receptor agonist veterinary sedative (good because doesn’t cause respiratory depression)

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22
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

Blocks uptake 2 (& 1 at 10x high concentrations) irreversible alpha-receptor blocker

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23
Q

Dobutamine

A

Beta-1-receptor agonist used in acute cardiogenic shock

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24
Q

Benzilylcholine mustard

A

Irreversible mAChR antagonist (alkylates the receptor)

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25
Triethylcholine
Competitive substrate for choline acetyltransferase: forms false transmitter acetyl-TECh
26
Butaxamine
Beta-2-receptor antagonist
27
Beta-bungarotoxin
Binds potassium channel and has PLA2 activity - destroys the nerve ending
28
Neostigmine
Medium-acting anti-AChE used as oral treatment for myasthenia gravis
29
Sildenafil
PDE5 inhibitor used to treat impotence and pulmonary arterial hypertension
30
Phaeochromocytoma
Catecholamine-secreting chromaffin tumour causing hypertension Prazosin used to reduce BP and atenolol/phenoxybenzamine used to prevent the effects of large catecholamine release when tumour removed surgically
31
Guanethidine
Block NA release
32
Pilocarpine, Bethanechol
Non-selective mAChR agonist (& muscarine) P: used topically to treat glaucoma B: used in urinary retention
33
Alpha-latrotoxin
Binds neurexins forming a calcium permeable pore causing mass ACh release
34
Amitryptiline, Imipramine
Tricyclic antidepressants block uptake 1
35
Trimetaphan
Autonomic ganglion blocker - competitive antagonist of nAChR
36
Phenylephrine
Alpha-1-receptor agonist used to increase BP in acute hypotension
37
Caffeine
A1-adenosine receptor antagonist it's waking effect most prominent after prolonged wakefulness Also inhibits PDE causing an increase in heart rate/force of contraction
38
Nitroglycerin
Nitrovasodilators (NO donor) used to treat angina
39
Cevimeline
M3 agonist (only selective mAChR agonist) used to treat dry mouth in Sjögren's syndrome
40
d-tubocurarine
Relatively non-selective nAChR antagonist
41
Tranylcypromine
Non-selective irreversible MAO inhibitor used in refractory depression
42
Tripitramine
M2 antagonist
43
Pralidoxime
Reverses phosphorylation caused by Dyflos/Malathion but only in first few hours
44
Vesamicol
Non-competitive & reversible blocker of the vesicular ACh transporter
45
Dyflos, Malathion
Long-acting (irreversible) anti-AChE - organophosphorus compounds Malathion used as insecticide (lice)
46
Sugammadex
Restores transmission blocked by steroid N.M.J. blockers by forming an inactive complex in plasma, excreted in urine
47
Botulinum toxins
Blocks transmission, preferentially affects cholinergic nerves: B, D, F, G: cleave synaptobrevin A, E: cleave SNAP-25 C1: cleaves syntaxin & SNAP-25
48
Salbutamol
Beta-2-receptor agonist used to relieve bronchoconstriction in asthma Salmeterol is a long-acting agonist
49
ADMA
Endogenous NOS inhibitor
50
Alpha-methyltyrosine
Competitive inhibitor of TOH used experimentally to decrease NA production
51
Labetalol
Combined alpha/beta-receptor antagonists used to treat hypertension in pregnancy
52
Dexamfetamine
Taken up into vesicle, reduces pH gradient and therefore amine storage Ritalin & MDMA similar
53
Propranolol
Beta-receptor antagonist was used as an antihypertensive but there is a risk of bronchoconstriction, also causes fatigue & claudication
54
Tamsulosin
Alpha-1A-receptor antagonist used to allow bladder emptying in benign prostatic hyperplasia Dutasteride used a co-therapy to inhibit testosterone production
55
Phentolamine
Alpha-receptor antagonist used in hypertension until superseded by selective drugs (non-selective give reflex tachycardia)
56
Idazoxan
Alpha-2-receptor antagonist
57
Hemicholinium
Binds to the choline transporter inhibiting uptake
58
Cocaine
Blocks uptake 1
59
Selegiline
Selective inhibitor of MAO-B used in Parkinson's
60
Alpha-methyldopa
Converted to alpha-methylNA which causes vasodilation
61
Decamethonium, Suxamethonium
N.M.J. depolarising blocker
62
Prazosin
Alpha-1-receptor antagonist used to treat hypertension and Raynaud's syndrome (peripheral vascular disease)
63
Mirabegron
Beta-3-receptor agonist used to treat overactive bladder

2 - MODA (8 decks)

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