Pharmacology of the autonomic nervous system

Question 1

what is the ANS

Answer 1

integrated and involuntary. includes motor nerves

Question 2

what are the two main NT

Answer 2

NA and AcH

Question 3

NT of Somatic NS

Answer 3

AcH

Question 4

NT of ANS Sympathetic

Answer 4

AcH to the ganglion then NA

AcH to the medulla then A and NA

Question 5

NT of ANS Parasympathetic

Answer 5

AcH to the ganglion

Question 6

Somatic NS effoctor organ

Answer 6

skeletal muscle

Question 7

Autonomic NS effoctor organ

Answer 7

smooth muscle
glands
cardiac muscle

Question 8

side effects of muscarin
Aminata muscaria
Inocybe

Answer 8

Miosis
Salivation
Lacrimation
Perspiration
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
Bradycardia
Confusion
Coma

Question 9

The actions of the parasympathetic system include:

Answer 9

a decrease of the rate and force of the heart beat
increased activity of the digestive system
emptying of the urinary bladder
erection of the genital (erectile) tissue
secretion of the salivary and lacrimal glands

Question 10

where are the The cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons are located

Answer 10

located in the brain stem and in S2-4.

Question 11

what mimics the PSNS

Answer 11

agonists

Question 12

what inhibits the PSNS

Answer 12

antagonists

Question 13

what is the side effect of cholinergic neurone- nicotinic

Answer 13

ACUTE
Miosis
Salivation
Lacrimation
Perspiration
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Tachypnea
Agitation

Question 14

Nicotinic receptors

Answer 14

Ligand gated ion channels
Depolarisations
Nerve to nerve -ganglia
Nerve to muscle

Question 15

Muscarinic receptors

Answer 15

G protein receptor 7TM
ATP
Indirect
Depolarise, secretion contraction
Not on motor end plate

Question 16

Presynaptic Uptake blocker

Answer 16

Hemicholinium

Question 17

Presynaptic Pre-Uptake release blocker

Answer 17

botulinium

Question 18

Clostridium botulinum

Answer 18

10-12 g

NOT SPECIFIC

Question 19

Synaptic Calabar beans

Answer 19

ANS STIMULATION
CNS STIMULATION
Muscle fasiculation
Death

Nerve gases
Insecticides

Question 20

Synaptic.Cholinesterase inhibitors

Answer 20

Tissue
Plasma (pseudo
Edrophonium
Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
MG & Anaesthesia
competitive

Question 21

Synaptic.Cholinesterase inhibitorsIRREVERSIBLE

Answer 21

PRALIDOXIME-REACTIVATES

Question 22

POST SYNAPTIC-NICOTINIC

Answer 22

CURARE
TUBOCURARINE
FLACCID PARALYSIS
MUSCLE RELAXATION
RESPIRATION
COMPETITIVE ANTAGONIST

Question 23

Atracurium

Answer 23

intermediate

Question 24

Pancuronium

Answer 24

long

Question 25

Mivacurium

Answer 25

labile in plasma

Question 26

POST SYNAPTIC-NICOTINIC

Answer 26

TONIC PARALYSIS in birds- man? RESPIRATION DEPOLARISING agonist---block

Question 27

Suxamethonium

Answer 27

Rapid on off Cholinesterase pharmacogenomics

Question 28

POST SYNAPTIC-MUSCARINIC

Answer 28

Deadly nightshade Belladonna Atropine

Question 29

Circular-

Answer 29

Psymp

Question 30

Radial-

Answer 30

Symp

Question 31

Muscarinic receptor drugsAntagonists

Answer 31

Atropine, Scopolamine (Hyoscine) - secretions, bradycardia (A only), gut hypermotility -H motion sickness, depressant rather than stimulant Tropicamide -opthalmology

Question 32

Muscarinic receptor drug Agonist-

Answer 32

Pilocarpine -glaucoma

Question 33

The (nor)Adrenergic neurone

Answer 33

``` Tachycardia Hypertension Pallor Mydriasis Bronchodilation ```

Question 34

The functions of the sympathetic system include:

Answer 34

acceleration of the heart and increase in the force of heart beat rise of arterial blood pressure, direction of blood flow from the viscera to the limbs dilatation of the bronchi (NOT) Elevation of blood sugar - adrenaline

Question 35

what is the SymNS mimicked by

Answer 35

agonists

Question 36

what is the SymNS inhibited by

Answer 36

antagonists

Question 37

PRESYNAPTIC Inhibition of Synthesis methyltyrosine

Answer 37

``` Uptake 1 blockers Cocaine Uptake 1 blockers Tricyclic antidepressants-desipramine Potentiate endogenous NAd ```

Question 38

PRESYNAPTICIndirectly acting sympathomimetics

Answer 38

Tyramine | Amphetamines

Question 39

Synaptic MAO inhibitors

Answer 39

``` All mono amines Type A and B phenelzine Anti depressants see -CNS lectures ANS interaction through food and wine ```

Question 40

Post Synapticalpha and beta adrenoreceptors

Answer 40

Agonists Noradrenaline> adrenaline> isoprenaline> salbutamol Shock Asthma

Question 41

Alpha and beta selectivity

Answer 41

Alpha-usually ANS | Beta usually humeral

Question 42

Post Synapticalpha and beta adrenoreceptors

Answer 42

Alpha antagonists Phenoxybenzamine non selective Prazosin alpha-1selective LIMITED USE IN HYPERTENSION

Question 43

Post Synapticalpha and beta adrenoreceptorsAntagonists

Answer 43

``` Propranolol Beta 1 and 2 Asthmatics bronchospasm Beta-1 Atenolol beta-1 cardio-selective ```

Question 44

Post Synapticalpha and beta adrenoreceptorsAgonists

Answer 44

``` Beta-1 Dobutamine Dopamine Beta-2 Salbutamol Terbutaline Salmeterol ```