Pharmacology Part 1

Question 1

Foreign substances placed into the body

Answer 1

Drugs

Question 2

Chemicals used to diagnose, treat, or prevent disease

Answer 2

Medications

Question 3

The study of drugs and their actions on the body

Answer 3

Pharmacology

Question 4

Most detailed name for a drug, including chemical composition and molecular structure

Answer 4

Chemical name

Question 5

Drug name suggested by the manufacturer and confirmed by the US Adopted Name Council

Answer 5

Generic name

Question 6

When a drug gets listed in the US Pharmacopeia (USP)

Answer 6

Official name

Question 7

Name given to foster brand loyalty with its customers, proper name

Answer 7

Brand name

Question 8

Enacted to improve the quality and labeling of drugs

Answer 8

The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

Question 9

Limited the indiscriminate use of addicting drugs by regulating the importation, manufacture, sale, and use of opium, cocaine, and their compound or derivatives

Answer 9

Harrison Narcotic Act of 1914

Question 10

Created five schedules of controlled substances, each with its own level of control and record keeping requirements

Answer 10

Controlled Substance Act of 1970

Question 11

Determines the amount and purity of a given chemical in a preparation in the lab (in vitro)

Answer 11

Assay

Question 12

Relative therapeutic effectiveness of chemically equivalent drugs

Answer 12

Bioequivalence

Question 13

Determines bioequivalence; attempts to ascertain the drug’s availability in a biological model (in vivo)

Answer 13

Bioassay

Question 14

Phase of human studies that determines the drug’s pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and safe dose in humans

Answer 14

Phase 1

Question 15

Phase of human studies that find the therapeutic drug level and watch carefully for toxic and side effects; tested on a limited population of patients who have the disease it is intended to treat

Answer 15

Phase 2

Question 16

Phase of human studies that utilizes double-blind studies; refines the therapeutic dose and collects relevant data on side effects

Answer 16

Phase 3

Question 17

Phase of human studies that involves postmarketing analysis during conditional approval

Answer 17

Phase 4

Question 18

Right: medication, dose, time, route, patient, and documentation

Answer 18

6 Rights of Med Admin

Question 19

A greater proportion of the drug will be available in the body to cause either desired or undesired effects

Answer 19

Free Drug Availability

Question 20

Addresses how drugs are transported into and out of the body; The study of the basic processes that determine the duration and intensity of a drugs effects

Answer 20

Pharmacokinetics

Question 21

Deals with drugs effects once they reach the target tissues

Answer 21

Pharmacodynamics

Question 22

The measure of the amount of a drug that is still active after it reaches its target tissue

Answer 22

Bioavailability

Question 23

Cells tightly packed together so that only non-protein-bound, highly lipid-soluable drugs can cross in the CNS

Answer 23

Blood-brain barrier

Question 24

Not a solid barrier, but prevents drugs from reaching a fetus

Answer 24

Placental barrier

Question 25

Drugs not active when administered (parent drugs)

Answer 25

Prodrugs

Question 26

Delivers medications by absorption through the gastrointestinal tracts

Answer 26

Enteral routes

Question 27

Uses needles to inject medications into the circulatory system or tissues

Answer 27

Parenteral routes

Question 28

Drugs operate by binding to these

Answer 28

Receptors

Question 29

The force of attraction between a drug and a receptor

Answer 29

Affinity

Question 30

A drug's pharmacodynamics involves its ability to cause the expected response

Answer 30

Efficacy

Question 31

Binding of a drug or hormone to a target cell receptor causing the number of available receptors to decrease

Answer 31

Down-regulation

Question 32

When a drug or hormone can cause the formation of more receptors than normal

Answer 32

Up-regulation

Question 33

Binds to the receptors and cause it to initiate the expected response

Answer 33

Agonists

Question 34

Binds to a site but does not cause the receptor to initiate the expected response

Answer 34

Antagonists

Question 35

Partial agonist; do both agonist and antagonist responses

Answer 35

Agonists-antagonists

Question 36

Considered surmountable because a sufficiently large dose of the agonist can overcome the antagonism

Answer 36

Competitive antagonism

Question 37

Antagonism is insurmountable, no amount of agonist could overcome it

Answer 37

Noncompetitive antagonsim

Question 38

When a competitive antagonist permanently binds with a receptor site, no amount of agonist will stimulate the receptor

Answer 38

Irreversible antagonism

Question 39

A drug effect that is unique to the individual

Answer 39

Idiosyncrasy