Pharmacology - Rheumatoid arthritis Flashcards
What are some non-pharmacological management strategies for rheumatoid arthritis in Australia?
Weight loss, exercise, physical therapy, joint protection techniques, and occupational therapy.
What are some pharmacological treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis in Australia?
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and biologic agents.
What is the mechanism of action for tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?
TNF inhibitors block the action of TNF, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, thereby reducing inflammation and preventing damage to joints.
What is the mechanism of action for interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibitors in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?
IL-6 inhibitors block the action of IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, thereby reducing inflammation and preventing damage to joints.
What is the mechanism of action for Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?
JAK inhibitors block the action of JAK enzymes, which are involved in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby reducing inflammation and preventing damage to joints.
What is the mechanism of action for B-cell depleting agents in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?
B-cell depleting agents target and destroy B-cells, which are involved in the production of autoantibodies and pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby reducing inflammation and preventing damage to joints
What are the biologic agents used in the management of rheumatoid arthritis in Australia?
The biologic agents used in the management of rheumatoid arthritis in Australia include
adalimumab
etanercept
infliximab
certolizumab
golimumab
tocilizumab
abatacept
rituximab
What is the mechanism of action of adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, certolizumab, and golimumab?
Adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, certolizumab, and golimumab are tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors. They work by binding to TNF, preventing it from binding to its receptors and triggering the inflammatory response.
What is the mechanism of action of tocilizumab?
Tocilizumab is an interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor inhibitor. It works by binding to the IL-6 receptor, preventing IL-6 from binding to its receptors and triggering the inflammatory response.
What is the mechanism of action of abatacept?
Abatacept is a T-cell co-stimulation inhibitor. It works by binding to the antigen-presenting cells and blocking the co-stimulatory signal that is required for T-cell activation and proliferation
What is the mechanism of action of rituximab?
Rituximab is a B-cell depleting agent. It works by binding to CD20, a protein found on the surface of B-cells, and triggering their destruction by the immune system.
What is the genetic component of RA?
RA has a strong genetic component, and people with a family history of the disease are at increased risk of developing it. Certain genes, such as HLA-DRB1, are known to be associated with RA.
What % of genetic vs environmental factors equal to the potential development of RA?
60% genetic
40% environmental
name two environmental risk factors for RA
Smoking
Obesity
EBV infection
What joints are most commonly affected by RA?
mainly affects small joints in the hand and feet
