Pharmacy Questions

Question 1

What is the principle organ responsible for biotransformation (metabolism) of drugs

Answer 1

Liver

Question 2

What is the principle organ responsible for excretion of drugs

Answer 2

Kidneys

Question 3

X with Y

Y with Z

Answer 3

Xylazine reversed with Yohimbine

Yohimbine treats amitraZ toxicity

Question 4

Which animals are most sensitive to Xylizine?

Answer 4

Cattle

Question 5

Xylizine is used as an emetic in what animal?

Answer 5

Cats

Question 6

What drug is associated with cartilaginous lesions in joints of growing equine/canines?

Answer 6

Quinolones (Baytril)

Question 7

Enrofloxicin is approved primarily for what issues?

Answer 7

Skin, urinary, and respiratory infections in dogs and cats

Bone and other infections in additional species

Question 8

4 adverse effects of Acepromazine

Answer 8

Decreases seizure threshold
Can be overly sensitive to giant K9 breeds
Causes HYPOtension
Penis protrusion in equine

Question 9

Glycopyrrolate would more likely be used over Atropine due to ___ and is less likely to cause ___ while suppressing ____

Answer 9

Its lower onset and longer duration
Tachycardia and Cardiac arrhythmias
Salivation more effectively

Question 10

Anticholinergics are used to counteract ____ and ____

Answer 10

Bradycardia and hypersalivation

Question 11

Etomidate is not widely used due to __ and ___

Answer 11

Higher cost and adverse effects

Question 12

Adverse effects of Etomidate

Answer 12

Vomiting, Muscle movements, sneezing, and excitement during induction and recovery.

Question 13

Docusate is a ___

Answer 13

Stool softener

Question 14

Ionic (charged) forms of drugs and membranes

Answer 14

Do no pass through easily

Question 15

Most drugs with poor lipid solubility ___ cell membranes

Answer 15

Cannot pass through

Question 16

Lipophilic

Answer 16

Drug that tends to combine with or dissolve in lipids or fats easily

Question 17

Hydrophilic

Answer 17

Drug that tends to mix with, dissolve in, or be wetted by water

Question 18

Long term use of glucocorticoids side effects

Answer 18

increase in thirst/urination
increased susceptibility to UTIs and other infections
Increased panting
muscle atrophy and hind limb weakness
GI ulcerations
Cushing's disease

Question 19

What is the first line anti-convulsant?

What is a contraindicator?

Answer 19

Phenobarbital 
Liver disease (causes hepatotoxicity)

Question 20

Long term use of Phenylbutazone can cause ulcers in the ___ in dehydrated horses and are difficult to treat.

Answer 20

right dorsal colon

Question 21

What is Methoprene?

Answer 21

A synthetic insect growth regulator and is classified as a terpenoid.

Question 22

Methoprene is used in ___ products.

Answer 22

Topical flea control

Question 23

Methoprene works by ___.

Answer 23

Interfering with normal maturation process. Makes it impossible for insects to mature to adult stages.

Question 24

Aminoglycosides are mainly used for what type of organisims?

Answer 24

Gram-negative

Question 25

Examples of Aminoglycosides

Answer 25

``` Strepomycin Neomycin Kanamycin Amikacin Gentamicin ```

Question 26

Adverse effects of Aminoglycosides

Answer 26

Nephrotoxicity (renal) Ototoxicity Neuromuscular blockage

Question 27

Adverse effects of tetracyclines

Answer 27

``` Chelation of calcium in teeth inhibiting calcification Potentially nephrotoxic (except for Doxycycline) ```

Question 28

What drug is used to treat ethylene glycol toxicity?

Answer 28

Fomepizole (4-MP)

Question 29

Early signs of ethylene glycol poisoning occur within ___ to ___ postingestion.

Answer 29

30 min. to 12 hours

Question 30

Sulfonamides tend to be associated with ___ or allergic reactions

Answer 30

Hypersensitivity

Question 31

Most commonly used NSAID in large animals?

Answer 31

Phenlybutazone

Question 32

Arsenic can be found in ___ causing GI upset, vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, etc.

Answer 32

ant baits

Question 33

What analgesic drug combination should not be used together in dogs/cats due to the risk of GI ulcerations?

Answer 33

Meloxican and dexamethasone | NSAIDs & Steroids should not be used together

Question 34

Doxorubicin is well known for what possible side effect in dobermans, great danes, rottweilers, and boxers?

Answer 34

Cardiotoxicity

Question 35

Morphine side effects in dogs

Answer 35

``` Vomiting Puritits Constipation Sedation Dysphoria Bradycardia Miosis ```

Question 36

What is used for Cushing's treatment in horses?

Answer 36

Pergolide

Question 37

Rabbits, hamsters, and other rodents are sensitive to most antibiotics due to ____

Answer 37

Disruption of their normal gut flora

Question 38

Dogs tend to get ___ on morphine while cats and horses tend to get ___.

Answer 38

miosis (small pupils) | mydriasis (enlarged pupils)

Question 39

What happens if you inject Phenylbutazone IM or SQ in a horse?

Answer 39

Swelling, necrosis, and sloughing

Question 40

Antibiotics that are safe for small pets like rabbits, hamsters, and guinea pigs

Answer 40

Trimethoprim Sulfa Chlorampenicol Enrofloxicin