Pharmacy Tech Chapter 10 Terminology

Question 0

receptor

Answer 0

the cellular material located at the site of action that that interacts with the drug

Question 1

site of action

Answer 1

the location where an administered drug produces an effect

Question 2

selective (action)

Answer 2

the characteristic of a drug that makes its action specific to certain receptors and tissues

Question 3

The objective of drug therapy is

Answer 3

to deliver the right drug, in the right concentration, to the right site of action, and at the right time to produce the desired effect

Question 4

agonists

Answer 4

drugs that activate receptors to accelerate or slow normal cellular function

Question 5

antagonists

Answer 5

drugs that bind with receptors but do not activate them. They block receptor action by preventing other drugs from activating hem

Question 6

biopharmaceutics

Answer 6

the study the study of the factors associated with drug products and physiological processes, and the resulting systemic systemic concentrations of drugs

Question 7

minimum effective concentration

Answer 7

the blood concentration needed for a drug to produce a response

Question 8

onset of action

Answer 8

the time MEC is reached and the response occurs

Question 9

therapeutic window

Answer 9

a drug’s blood concentration between MEC and MTC

Question 10

minimum toxic concentration (MTC)

Answer 10

duration of action

Question 11

disposition

Answer 11

a term sometimes used to refer to all of the ADME processes together

Question 12

elimination

Answer 12

the process of metabolism and excretion

Question 13

ADME

Answer 13

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism 
Excretion
also called DISPOSITION

Question 14

passive diffusion

Answer 14

the movement of drugs from an area of higher concentration to a lower concentration

Question 15

lipoidal

Answer 15

fat-like substances

Question 16

hydrophobic

Answer 16

water repelling; cannot associate with water

Question 17

hydrophilic

Answer 17

capable of associating with or absorbing water

Question 18

active transport

Answer 18

the movement of drugs from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. Cellular energy is required.

Question 19

absorption

Answer 19

the movement of a drug from the dosage formulation to the blood

Question 20

gastric emptying time

Answer 20

the time a drug will stay in the stomach before it is emptied into the small intestine

Question 21

protein binding

Answer 21

the attachment of a drug molecule to a plasma or tissue protein, effectively making the drug inactive

Question 22

complexation

Answer 22

when different molecules associate or attach to each other

Question 23

metabolite

Answer 23

the substance resulting from the body’s transformation of an administered drug

Question 24

enzyme

Answer 24

a complex protein that catalyzes chemical reactions

Question 25

enzyme induction

Answer 25

the increase in hepatic enzyme activity that results in greater metabolism of drugs

Question 26

enzyme inhibition

Answer 26

the decrease in hepatic enzyme activity that results in reduced metabolism of drugs

Question 27

enterohepatic cycling

Answer 27

the transfer of drugs into their metabolites from the liver to the bile in the gallbladder, then into the intestine, and then back into circulation

Question 28

first-pass metabolism

Answer 28

the substantial degradation of an orally administered drug caused by enzyme metabolism in the liver before the drug reaches the systemic circulation

Question 29

nephron

Answer 29

the functional unit of the kidneys

Question 30

glomerular filtration

Answer 30

the blood filtering process of the nephron

Question 31

bioavailability

Answer 31

the relative amount of an administered dose that reaches the general circulation and the rate at which this occurs.

Question 32

bioequivalency

Answer 32

the comparison of bioavailability between two dosage forms

Question 33

pharmaceutical equivalent

Answer 33

drug products that contain identical amounts of the same active ingredient in the same dosage form

Question 34

pharmaceutical alternative

Answer 34

drug products that contain the same active ingredient, but not necessarily the same salt form, amount, or dosage form

Question 35

therapeutic equivalant

Answer 35

pharmaceutical equivalents that produce the same effects in patients

Question 36

Why do specific cells only respond to certain drugs?

Answer 36

only drugs able to interact with the receptors in a particular site of action can produce effects in that site