Pharynx And Esophagus Flashcards Preview

[PBR] Gastrointestinal Imaging > Pharynx And Esophagus > Flashcards

Flashcards in Pharynx And Esophagus Deck (24)
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1
Q

The upper gastrointestinal series, also called a barium meal, is a barium examination of the alimentary tract from the pharynx to the _______.

A

Ligament of Treitz

2
Q

It is as study more dedicated to evaluation of swallowing disorders and suspected lesions of the pharynx and esophagus.

A

Barium swallow or esophagogram

3
Q

Distension of the pharynx is provided by having the patient _______.

A

Phonate

4
Q

The pharynx extends from the nasal cavity to the larynx and is arbitrarily divided into three compartments. What are these compartments?

A

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Hypopharynx

5
Q

These compartment extends from the skull base to the soft palate.

A

Nasopharynx

6
Q

The oropharynx is posterior to the oral cavity and extends from the soft palate to the ______.

A

Hyoid bone

7
Q

The hypopharynx (laryngopharynx) extends from the hyoid bone to the _______.

A

Cricopharyngeus muscle

8
Q

What forms the anterior boundary of the oropharynx?

A

Base of the tongue

9
Q

These structures separates the larynx from the oropharynx and the hypopharynx.

A

Epiglottis and aryepiglottic folds

10
Q

These are two symmetrical pouches formed in the recess between the base of the tongue and he epiglottis.

A

The valleculae

11
Q

The valleculae are divided by what structure medially?

A

They are divided medially by the median glossoepiglottic fold and bounded laterally by the lateral glossoepiglotic folds

12
Q

These are deep, symmetrical, lateral recesses formed by the protrusion of the larynx into the hypopharynx.

A

Pisiform sinuses

13
Q

The esophagus extends from the _________ to the gastroesophageal junction.

A

Cricopharyngeus muscle at the level of C5-6

14
Q

The esophagus is a muscular tubed formed by what muscle layers?

A

Formed by an outer longitudinal muscle layer and an inner circular muscle layer lined by stratefied squamous epithelium

15
Q

What layer does the esophagus lack?

A

Serosal layer

Which allows the rapid spread of tumor into adjacent tissues

16
Q

The proximal one-third of the esophagus is predominantly ______ muscle, where as the distal two-thirds, below the aortic arch, is predominantly ______ muscle.

A

Proximal one-third = striated muscle

Distal two-third = smooth muscle

17
Q

What are the normal extrinsic impressions on the esophagus?

A

Aortic arch, left main stem bronchus, and the left atrium

18
Q

Distension of the upper esophagus more than ______ mm or the lower esophagus more than ______ mm is abnormal.

A

Upper esophagus = 10 mm

Lower esophagus = 20 mm

19
Q

The wall of the distended esophagus should not exceed how many mm in thickness?

A

3 mm

20
Q

The length of the esophagus is tubular, and its termination is saccular.

The saccular termination is called?

A

Esophageal vestibule

21
Q

The tubulovestibular junction is formed by a symmetrical muscular ring called?

A

A ring

22
Q

What is the B ring?

A

The B ring is an asymmetrical mucosal ring or notch that occurs at the junction of esophageal squamous epithelium with gastric columnar epithelium

23
Q

The squamocolumnar junction is marked by a thin ragged line of demarcation seen on double-contrast views of the lower esophagus. The line is called what?

A

Z line

24
Q

These are considered to be radiographic markers of the GEJ.

A

The B ring and Z line