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Head and Neck > Pharynx, Head and Neck Lymphatics > Flashcards

Pharynx, Head and Neck Lymphatics Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the borders of the Pharynx

A

Anterior:

  • Nasal Cavity
  • Oral Cavity
  • Larynx

Superior:
-Cranial base posterior to the nasal cavity

Inferior:
-Continuous with oesophagus at C6 (inf. border of cricoid)

Posterior:
-Buccopharangeal fascia

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2
Q

where is the pharynx widest and narrowest?

A

Widest:
-Opposite hyoid bone (5cm)

Narrowest:
-Pharynogoesophageal junction (1.5cm)

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3
Q

What are the boundaries of the Nasopharynx

A

Anterior:

  • Choanae
  • Soft Palate

Posterior:

  • Basilar part of the occipital bone
  • Body of C1 vertebrae

Roof:
-Sphenoid bone

Inferior:
-Soft palate (continous with oropharynx)

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4
Q

What are the contents of the Nasopharynx

A
  • Tonsils (Pharyngeal and Tubal)
  • Opening of pharyngotympanic tube
  • Torus Tubarius (fold-like posterior to pharyngotympanic opening)
  • Salingopharyngeal fold (with salingopharyngeal muscle)
  • Pharyngeal recess
  • Levator veli palatini

Take out the stinking plates. Levi!

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5
Q

What are the boundaries of the oropharynx

A

Superior:

  • Soft Palate
  • Uvula

Inferior:

  • Base of tongue
  • Superior border of epiglottis

Posterior:

  • Pharyngobasilar fascia (over Palatopharyngeus and Superior Constrictor)
  • Body of C2

Lateral:
-Palatoglossal and Palatopharyngeal Arches

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6
Q

What is the content of the Oropharynx

A
  • Palatine Tonsils (In Tonsilar Bed, In Tonsillar Fossa, in Palatine Arch)
  • Lingual Tonsils
  • Superior pharyngeal constrictor
  • Thin sheet of pharyngobasilar fascia
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7
Q

What makes up the Pharyngeal Lymphatic Ring

A

Superior:
Adenoid (pharyngeal) tonsils

Lateral:
Tubal Tonsils (two, more superior)
Palatine Tonsils (two, more inferior)

Inferior:
Lingual Tonsil

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8
Q

What are the boundaries of the Laryngopharynx

A

Superior:

  • -Superior border of the epiglottis
  • -Pharyngoepiglottic Folds

Inferior:
–Inferior border of the Cricoid Cartilage

Anterior:
–Larynx

Posterior:

  • -Pharyngobasilar Fascia
  • -Middle and Inferior constrictors (over C4-C6)

Lateral:

  • -Pharyngobasilar fascia
  • -Middle and Inferior constrictors
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9
Q

What is the innervation of the superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

CN X (vagus) from Pharyngeal Plexus

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10
Q

What is the innervation of the middle pharyngeal constrictor

A

CN X (vagus) from Pharyngeal plexus

Branches of:

  • External Laryngeal N
  • Recurrent Laryngeal N
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11
Q

What is the innervation of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor

A

CN X (vagus) from Pharyngeal Plexus

Branches of:

  • External Laryngeal N
  • Recurrent Laryngeal N
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12
Q

What is the innervation of the Palatopharyngeus

A

CN X (vagus) from Pharyngeal Plexus

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13
Q

What is the innervation of the Salpingopharyngeus

A

CN X (vagus) from Pharyngeal Plexus

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14
Q

What is the innervation of the Stylopharyngeus

A

CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

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15
Q

Which muscles elevate the Pharynx and Larynx during swallowing and speaking

A

Palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus
Stylopharyngeus

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16
Q

What passes through the gap between the Superior Pharyngeal Constrictor and the Cranium

Study These Flashcards
A

Levator Veli Palatini
Pharynogtympanic Tube
Ascending Palatine Artery

17
Q

What passes through the gap between the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors

Study These Flashcards
A

Stylopharyngeus
Glossopharyngeal N (CN IX)
Stylohyoid Ligament

18
Q

What passes through the gap between the middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictors

Study These Flashcards
A

Internal Laryngeal N
Superior laryngeal A
Superior Laryngeal V

19
Q

What passes through the gap inferior to the Inferior Pharyngeal Constrictor

Study These Flashcards
A

Recurrent Laryngeal N
Inferior Laryngeal A
Inferior Laryngeal V

20
Q

Explain the venous drainage of the Pharynx

Study These Flashcards
A

Into plexus around Posterior Wall (communicates with pterygoid venous plexus via Pterygoid Canal)

Into Thyroid Veins —> IJV

21
Q

What makes up the Pharangeal Plexus

Study These Flashcards
A 
CN IX (Glossopharangeal)
CN X (Vagus)
Sympathetics
22
Q

In the Pharynx, what does the Vagus Nerve Innervate

Study These Flashcards
A

All muscles
Except:
-Tensor Veli Palatini - CN V3
-Stylopharyngeus - CN IX

Soft Palate

23
Q

In the Pharynx, what does the Glossopharyngeal Nerve innervate

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A

Entire sensory innervation except:
-Ant. and Sup. Nasopharynx - (Pharyngeal N. of CN V2)

Parasympathetic afferents from mucosa

24
Q

What do the Occipital LNs drain?

Study These Flashcards
A

Posterior Scalp

25
What do the Posterior Auricular (Mastoid) LNs drain?
Middle Scalp and Posterior Auricle
26
What do the Pre-auricular (Parotid) LNs drain?
``` Parotid Gland Temporal fossa Anterior Auricle Upper Face Orbit ``` Please take all uneaten oranges
27
What do the Submandibular LNs drain?
``` Palate Tongue Pharynx Nose Submandibular Gland Submandibular Triangle (skin of) ``` Please take pizza. Nadia starves stubbornly.
28
What do the Submental LNs drain?
Central Lower Lip Chin Tip of Tongue Submental Triangle (Skin of)
29
What do the Superficial Cervical LNs drain?
Cervical Skin Auricle Parotid Region (skin of)
30
What are the veins that each superficial group of LNs in the head and neck accompany?
Occipital LN - Occipital V Posterior Auricular (Mastoid) LN - Posterior Auricular V Pre-auricular (parotid) LN - Superficial Temporal V Submandibular LN: - Pterygoid Plexus - Maxillary A - Facial V - Lingual V Submental LN - Mental and Submental Vv. Superficial Cervical LN - Tributaries of EJV ----Open Peoples Post Shouting "someone's sexy"----
31
Explain the lymphatic drainage of the deep structures of the neck
TO SUPERIOR DEEP LN (Jugulodigastric and Sup. Deep Cervical): Retropharyngeal Pretracheal TO INFERIOR DEEP LN (Juguloomohyoid and Inf. Deep Cervical): Paratracheal
32
What do the superficial LN drain into
Superficial LN including - Occipital - Posterior Auricular/Mastoid - Pre-auricular/Parotid - Submandibular - Submental - Buccal - Superficial Cervical DRAIN INTO THE DEEP CERVICAL LYMPH NODES
33
What structures do the Retropharangeal LN drain
Nose Pharynx Palate GOES TO THE SUPERIOR DEEP LN (Jugulodigastric and Sup. Deep Cervical)
34
What structures do the Pretracheal LN drain
Larynx (superior to vocal folds) Thyroid GOES TO THE SUPERIOR DEEP LN (Jugulodigastric and Sup. Deep Cervical)
35
What structures do the Paratracheal LN drain
``` Structures in pretracheal fascia (and overlying skin) Larynx (inferior to vocal folds) Thyroid Trachea Esophagus ``` TO INFERIOR DEEP LN (Juguloomohyoid and Inf. Deep Cervical)
36
Explain the lymphatic drainage of the Tonsils
Tonsillar Lymphatic Vessels THEN Jugulodigastric Node
37
Where does all lymph from the Head and Neck drain?
First, either: -Sup. Deep Cervical LN OR -Inf. Deep Cervical LN Then: -Right Lymphatic Trunk OR -Thoracic Duct (on left)

Head and Neck (11 decks)

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