Phenols

Question 1

C6H5OH + Conc.HNO3 —->

Answer 1

Picric acid

Question 2

Benzene sulphonic acid —> phenol

Answer 2

¤SO3H + NaOH —> + H2O + Na2So3 +
¤ ONa + HCl —-> phenol + NaCl

Question 3

Chlorobenzene —-> phenil

Answer 3

¤ Cl + NaOH —–> HCl + ¤ ONa —->
¤ OH + NaCl

Question 4

Dizonium salt —> Phenol

Answer 4

¤ N=NCl + H20 +boil dil H2SO4 —> phenol + N2 + HCl

Answer 5

Benzen + conc H2SO4 —->
¤ SO3H + NaOH —-> Na2So4 +
¤ ONa + HCl —-> pgenol + NaCl

Question 6

Chlorobenzem —> phenol

Answer 6

Add NaOH

Question 7

Kolbe Smidith Reaction

Answer 7

Salcylic acid
OH ¤ COOH

Question 8

Phenol —> 4 bromophenol
( 4 - Br ¤ OH)

Answer 8

CS2
Br2

Question 9

Phenol—>Aspirin

Answer 9

Salicylic acid + accetic anhydrite
(CH3 C O )2O —–> aspitin+ CH3COOH

Salicylic acid + acetyl chloride
(CH3CO)3 Cl —–> aspirin + HCl

Question 10

Phenol —-> acetophenon
¤-C= O
|
CH3

Answer 10

Friedal Craft reaction : alkyl group added to aryl group

Phenol + Zn —>
¤ bemzene + AlCl3 + CH3COCl —> acetophenone

Question 11

ethanol —-> propanone

Answer 11

ethanol + K2Cr2O7 —>
acctic acid + Ca(OH)2 —->
(CH3 - COO)2 Cl + dry flux —> propanone

Question 12

phenol to benzaldehyde

Answer 12

Phenol + NaOH + CHCl3 —> OH - @ - CHO —-> zn —> @ - CHO

Question 13

aniline to phenol

Answer 13

NaNO2 + HCl —> dizonium salt + Cu
—> dizonium salt + H2O / H+ —-> phenol

Question 14

GRW
OH activates electrophiluc substitution in benzen

Answer 14

● increases electron density on the benzene ring
● R effect
lone pair of O , delocalizes into benzene
: Electron density distributed at ortho and para position
● benezen ring attract electrophile ( electron seeking alements)

Question 15

Give reason why phenol has small diapol moment than methanol

Answer 15

● C-O Bond in phenol is less polar
Benezen -I effect
Ellectron withdrawing in phenol
Low polarity due to resonance
● C-O bond in methanol is more polar
XH3 + I effect
Ellcetron donating