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PSYCH > Phenomenology > Flashcards

Phenomenology Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

What’s an illusion?

A

False perception with a stimulus

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2
Q

What’s a hallucination?

A

False perception without a stimulus

No insight

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3
Q

What is a pseudohallucination and why is not used today?

A

‘Hallucination with insight’

Is it derogatory and an outdated term

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4
Q

What’s a hypnopomic hallucination ?

A

A hallucation experienced when the patient wakes up

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5
Q

What’s a hypnogogic hallucination?

A

Hallucinations that occur when a patient is falling asleep

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6
Q

What are the two types of auditory hallucinations?

A
  • 2nd person

- 3rd person

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7
Q

Define the two types of auditory hallucinations

A

2nd - directed at the pt

3rd -about the pt

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8
Q

Define reflex hallucinations

A

Provoked by a stimulus

From one modality it another

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9
Q

Example of a reflex hallucination

A

Seeing an elephant every time pt listens to music

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10
Q

What’s an extracampine reflex

A

Outside of possible sensory field

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11
Q

Example of an extracampine hallucination

A

Pt hearing thoughts/conversations from another country

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12
Q

What’s an overvalued idea

A

A belief that’s not linked with reality, but may be challenged and shifted

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13
Q

What’s a delusion

A

Belief that’s not linked with reality, but cannot be challenged

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14
Q

What are the 4 categories of delusions

A

Bizarre
Non-bizarre
Mood-neutral
Mood-congruent

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15
Q

Define the mood-related delusions

A

Mood-neutral - delusion not influenced by mood

Mood-congruent - delusion is influenced by mood

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16
Q

Define the two non-mood related delusions and give an example each

A

Bizarre - implausible situations
Eg. Alien invasion

Non-bizarre - plausible situations
Eg. Being followed by someone

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17
Q

Define persecutory delusions

Give an example

A

Pt believes they’re in danger

Eg. Someone is going to kill them

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18
Q

What are grandiose delusions

Give an example

A

Pt believes that they are above others or are capable of much greater than things
Eg. They have supernatural powers

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19
Q

What are self-referential hallucinations

Give an example

A

Object not related has special relevance

Eg. Newscaster wearing bow tie means bad news

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20
Q

Define erotomania

A

Pt is convinced someone else is in love with them

Usually someone famous/they have not interacted much with

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21
Q

Define nihilistic hallucinations

Give an example

A

Pt believes they are dead, or have missing limbs
Eg - I’m already dead thus can cremate myself
My organs aren’t here anymore, I don’t have to eat

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22
Q

Define somatic/hypochondriacal hallucinations

A

Pt believes there is something wrong with them

Have multiple doctors appointments, want surgery, may be depressed or suicidal

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23
Q

Define religious hallucinations

A

Beliefs not accepted by persons normal religion

Idiosyncratic beliefs

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24
Q

What are 3 types of misidentification delusions

HINT - sofa, argument acronym

A

Capgras
Freogli
Subjective double

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25
Define capgras
Delusion that someone close to you is replaced by a stranger
26
Define fregoli
Delusion that various people around you are the same person
27
Define subjective double
Delusion that your doppelgänger is deceiving others by pretending to be you
28
What is delusional perception? | Give an example
Perception of a change with a false meaning | Eg. Traffic light turning red means aliens are about to invade
29
Define thought-alienation
Belief your thoughts have been interfered with by external sources
30
Define thought withdrawal
Belief that thoughts are being removed from the mind
31
Define thought insertion
Beliefs that thoughts are being inserted in the mind
32
Define thought broadcast
Belief that everyone can hear the pt thoughts
33
Define thought-echo
Pt hears their thoughts being spoken aloud
34
Define thought-blocked
Conversation/thought process has been stopped and cannot be picked up again
35
Define concrete thinking
Little flexibility in thought process, pt takes everything literally
36
Define loosening association
Disconnected and fragmented speech | Pt jumps from one idea to another - may be unrelated or indirectly related
37
Define circumstantiality | HINT - swirly
Talking about a point and EVENTUALLY getting to it
38
Define perseveration
Pt answers question with answer | Proceed to answer rest of questions with the same answer
39
Define confabulation | 3 part answer
Difficulty forming memories Often no insight As a result will fill in gaps of memory
40
Define somatic passivity | Give an example of this
Belief an external source is acting on pt | Eg. Satan is making me do this
41
Define | Made act/feeling/drive
Belief that something is making you act/feel/do a certain thing
42
Define psychomotor retardation | Give an example
The slowing of the pt thought-process or movement | Eg. Taking long to answer a question OR taking a while to move from one sofa to another
43
Define pressure speech
Tendency to speak rapidly and frenziedly Speech produced is difficult to interrupt Speech may be irrelevant/tangential for the listener to understand
44
Define flight of ideas
Pt rapidly shifts between conversation topics, making their speech challenging to follow
45
Define anhedonia
Activities that brought pleasure before does not anymore
46
Define apathy
Not having the drive/energy to do things
47
Define Incongruity of affect | HINT :) :(
The facial expression of pt doesn’t correlate with their topic of conversation
48
Define blunting of affect
Loss of facial expression with presentation
49
Define belle indifference | Give an example
The apparent lack of concern shown by pt towards their symptoms Eg. Pt leg amputated and they do not seem to care for it
50
Define conversion symptoms
Pt has blindness, paralysis, or other neurologic symptoms that cannot be medically explained
51
Define depersonalisation
Detachment from themselves
52
Define derealisation
Pt still feels themselves, but detached to everyone around
53
Two forms of dissociation relevant to your studies
Depersonalisation | Derealisation
54
Define dissociation | Why do people experience this
The sensation of being detached from experiences | It’s a defence mechanism, due to trauma
55
Define obsession
Thoughts repeatedly appearing in the mind
56
Define compulsion
Urge to keep doing something
57
Define akathisia
Sensation of restlessness
58
Define projection | Give an example
Defence mechanism in which individual attributes things they find unacceptable in themselves to another person Eg. Person doesn’t have a good relationship with their mother so dislikes their friends mother
59
Define transference | Give an example
When pt’s feelings, desires, and expectations of one person are redirected and applied to another person Eg. Pt has strict parents, thus finds all senior figures intimidating
60
Define poverty of speech
When speech is very minimal and must be prompted
61
Define poverty of thought
Global reduction in the quantity of thought
62
Define incongruity of affect
The expressionless nature of a pt
63
Define catatonia
Muscular rigidity and mental unresponsiveness | appearing to be in a daze
64
Define stupor
A state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility
65
What is a thought disorder?
Disorder of cognitive organisation | Thoughts and conversation appear illogical, may be delusional or bizarre in content
66
Define stereotypy
Repetitive behaviour, a ritualistic movement
67
Define mannerism
A habitual gesture or way of speaking/behaving

PSYCH (5 decks)

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