PHG Practicals

Question 1

What’s the use of the osmotic fragility curve?

Answer 1

It determines the rate of hemolysis of RBCs

Hemolysis usually occurs in a hypotonic solution and it is usually maximum at 0.45% normal saline

Question 2

What percentage of the human body weight does blood make?

Answer 2

8%
pH= 7.35-7.45
RBC count= 5.4 million in males and 4.8 million in females

Question 3

What’s the Hb and pcv levels in males and females

Answer 3

Hb 12-16g/dL in females, 13-18 in males

PCV; M- 45-52%, F- 37-48%

Question 4

What is the normal bleeding time?

Answer 4

3-7 mins

Question 5

What is Rouleaux formation?

Answer 5

It’s the stacking of RBCs

Question 6

What’s the function of a centrifuge

Answer 6

Used to separate fluids based on different densitites

Question 7

What’s the function of an ECG machine?

Answer 7

It is used to measure and record the electrical activities of the heart. It produces an electrocardiogram

Question 8

Ergometer function

Answer 8

Used for physical exercise and fitness

Question 9

Spirometer/Spirolab function

Answer 9

Used to measure FEV FVC and lung volume

Question 10

Sahli’s Hemoglobinometer function

Answer 10

Used to measure Hemoglobin

Question 11

Kymograph function

Answer 11

Used to measure vibrations and variations in muscle contractions.
Used in pressure experiments

Question 12

Aesthesiometer function

Answer 12

Used to measure two point discrimination and touch sensations

Question 13

Tuning fork function

Answer 13

Used for vibration experiments (Rhine’s test and Weber’s test)

Question 14

Ophthalmoscope function

Answer 14

Used to observe the retina and the arteries

Used to view the interior of the eye

Question 15

Perimeter function

Answer 15

Used to measure the visual field of the eye

Question 16

Snellen’s chart function

Answer 16

Used to test for visual acuity

Question 17

Ischiara chart function

Answer 17

Used to test for colour blindness

Question 18

Glucometer function

Answer 18

Used to measure blood glucose levels

Question 19

Lancets function

Answer 19

Used to prick the finger while measuring blood glucose levels

Question 20

BMI chart function

Answer 20

Used to measure weight, BMI and identify obesity

Question 21

OGTT curve function

Answer 21

Clinically used to diagnose diabetes mellitus

Question 22

Conway dish function

Answer 22

Used for renal experiments

Question 23

Soda lime cannister function

Answer 23

Used to absorb CO2

Question 24

Nose clip function

Answer 24

Used to hold the nose during exercise or physiology experiments

Question 25

Douglas bag function

Answer 25

Used to carry expired air

Question 26

Wright peak flow meter function

Answer 26

Used to measure peak expiratory flow rate

Question 27

Tissue bath function

Answer 27

Used to house laboratory specimen in phg experiments

Question 28

Pithing rod function

Answer 28

To make an incision/hole in the brain of the lab animal

Question 29

Force transducer and breathing circuit function

Answer 29

Used for respiratory experiments

Question 30

Urinometer function

Answer 30

Used to measure specific gravity of urine

Question 31

Power lab function

Answer 31

Power source for phg equipments

Question 32

Audiometer function

Answer 32

Used for hearing experiments

Question 33

ECF markers include

Answer 33

Inulin Raffinose Radioisotopes of NaCl

Question 34

Plasma markers include

Answer 34

Evans blue dye | Iodinated albumin

Question 35

Total body water markers

Answer 35

Deuterium dioxide Tritium oxide Aminopyrine

Question 36

What’s the function of a polygraph

Answer 36

It is used to measure pulse

Question 37

What were the anaesthetic agents used in the lab

Answer 37

Sodium phenobarbitone | Sodium pentobarbitone

Question 38

What RBC count would be anemic?

Answer 38

Below 11g/dL

Question 39

What’s the specific gravity of Urine

Answer 39

1.005-1.030

Question 40

What’s use to correct astigmatism?

Answer 40

Cylindrical lens

Question 41

What’s used to correct presbyopia?

Answer 41

Biconvex lens

Question 42

What’s the normal vital capacity?

Answer 42

400-600mls

Question 43

What’s peak expiratory flow rate?

Answer 43

This is maximum flow rate of a forced expired air in a single breath

Question 44

Which vagus nerve is most potent?

Answer 44

Right vagus cause it stimulates the SA node directly so it has more effect on blood pressure

Question 45

What’s Atropine used for ?

Answer 45

It’s used to block muscarinic ach receptors

Question 46

Antibody A, blood group B is what colour

Answer 46

Blue color

Question 47

Antibody B(AntiserumB), blood group A

Answer 47

Yellow colour

Question 48

Antibody AB(Antiserum AB), Blood group O

Answer 48

Colourless

Question 49

What’s the defect in astigmatism

Answer 49

The cornea is oval shaped and the image has multiple focal points

Question 50

What’s the function of curare and atropine?

Answer 50

Curare blocks nicotinic Ach receptors | Atropine blocks muscarinic Ach receptors

Question 51

The tissue bath is usually filled with what solution

Answer 51

Tyrode solution

Question 52

Ringer’s solution is used in

Answer 52

Simple muscle twitch experiment

Question 53

What’s the function of a colorimeter

Answer 53

Aka Spectrophotometer. It is used to measure optical density

Question 54

What’s the function of the pneumotachometer?

Answer 54

It converts air flow into differential pressure