Philippine Art History

Question 1

Occupy an area of about 750 square miler where the southern ends of the Southwest Coast Range and the Cordillera, also known as the Tiruray Highlands, merge

Answer 1

T’Boli

Question 2

The culture center falls more or less in the central part of a triangle whose points are the towns of
Surallah, Polomolok and Kiamba

Answer 2

T’Boli

Question 3

subsist on hunting, fishing and cultivation.

Answer 3

T’Boli

Question 4

Today, tourism is also part of their livelihood

Answer 4

T’Boli

Question 5

This traditional cloth is associated with rituals on birth, life, union in marriage, and death.

Answer 5

T’nalak

Question 6

often used as blankets and clothing on rare occasions as in royal wedding ceremonies.

Answer 6

T’nalak

Question 7

made of krungon (abaca fiber) extracted from the mature fruit bearing, wild abaca.

Answer 7

T’nalak

Question 8

What does T’nalak made of?

Answer 8

Krungon (abaka Fiber)

Question 9

skill that a T’boli woman learns from their mothers, grandmothers, or even sisters.

Answer 9

Weaving

Question 10

How long does it takes to weave a T’nalak before it finish depending on the length and complexity of design?

Answer 10

3-6 months

Question 11

Before the dyeing process, portions of the threads are?

Answer 11

Tied

Question 12

The threads are hand-dyed with pigments gathers from?

Answer 12

Roots, leaves, and barks

Question 13

The surface of the t’nalak is coated?

Answer 13

Beeswax

Question 14

The surface of the t’nalak is burnished with?

Answer 14

Small cowry shell

Question 15

guides the weaver in her design.

Answer 15

Mental image

Question 16

Spirit of Abaca

Answer 16

Fu Dalu

Question 17

The patterns of t’nalak are bestowed through?

Answer 17

Dreams or specially granted by Fu Dalu

Question 18

recognizable from other weaves in their sweeping design structure.

Answer 18

T’nalak

Question 19

The traditional colors of t’nalak are:

Answer 19

maroon-red
black-brown
natural beige of abaca.

Question 20

take pride in their work and enjoy prestige from the community.

Answer 20

Weavers

Question 21

Traditionally T’Boli was weaved only by?

Answer 21

Women

Question 22

traditional motifs may be used for many wealth items for personal purposes like:

Answer 22

garments
jewelry
weaponry

Question 23

Most meanings of traditonal motfis with certain a certain abstract or higly stylized motifs are deeply rooted to?

Answer 23

Hindu-Islamic traditions and ancient beliefs

Question 24

Islamic traditions of representation are usually limited to?

Answer 24

Geometric designs
Depiction floral and foliage

Question 25

Share similarities with Indo-Persian and Indo-Chiesign due to Sulu’s foreign trade

Answer 25

Florals and Foliage motifs

Question 26

This motifs combine to form a complex pattern - a highly abstracted form

Answer 26

Floral and Foliage Motifs

Question 27

most important to the Tau Sug, Samal, Badjaw, and Jama Mapun of the Sulu archipelago.

Answer 27

Ukkil

Question 28

Ukkil are most important to the:

Answer 28

Tau Sug Samal Badjaw Jama Mapun

Question 29

ukkil, okil or okir mean both:

Answer 29

The art of Sculpting and carving A curvilinear design akin to arabesque

Question 30

Ukkil motifs can be:

Answer 30

Carved Painted Patched Embroidered Etched Cut out Cast

Question 31

Ukkil motifs can be found in:

Answer 31

Textiles and garments Boxes and chests Table and kitchenware Carpets and prayer rugs Leather goods Ceramic wares Holy Qur’an

Question 32

Three types of ukkil motifs:

Answer 32

Sumping (floral motif) Birdo (tree-plants motifs) Hashas (serpent motifs)

Question 33

conventionally embroidered on garments, wall coverings, and canopies

Answer 33

Sumping

Question 34

Sumping (floral) motifs are conventionally embroidered on garments, wall coverings, and canopies which usually includes:

Answer 34

Sampaka and sumping kayapu

Question 35

It is believed that these motifs share similarities with neighboring cultures as traced from the trading interactions of the indigenous people of Sulu.

Answer 35

Sumping motifs

Question 36

In this sample of malong, there are____________________ (boxed in white) combined to form the decorating design

Answer 36

four variations of the floral motifs

Question 37

motifs are curvilinear foliate design associated with fertility or prosperity, and symbolic of life and paradise in Sufism.

Answer 37

Birdo (tree-plant)

Question 38

Native artists employ at random a variety of stylized____________________ to compose a birdo pattern.

Answer 38

dahun (leaf) and bagun (vine)

Question 39

universally includes snakes, dragons, and aquatic animals like fish, eel, dolphin, lizard, and crocodile.

Answer 39

Hashas (serpent motifs)

Question 40

symbolic of water, virility, fertility, and royal power.

Answer 40

Serpent Motifs

Question 41

These are typical embellishments on prow, sidings, crossbeams, eaves, and even the pulleys of old watercrafts.

Answer 41

Hashas (serpent motifs)

Question 42

a type of architecture in Maranaw society

Answer 42

Torogan

Question 43

center of community life in a Maranaw principality

Answer 43

Torogan

Question 44

sets the tone for the social life of the community.

Answer 44

Torogan

Question 45

the community becomes leaderless and without direction, especially in social activities

Answer 45

Absence of a Torogan and Datu

Question 46

usually highly decorated, it does not exist simply to be symbolic of the Maranaw culture.

Answer 46

Torogan

Question 47

serves a function in the social and communal lifestyle of the Maranaw.

Answer 47

Torogan

Question 48

Functions of a Torogan

Answer 48

Home for the Datu Meeting Hall Community Court Ceremonial and Social Hall Spiritual House

Question 49

Built for the sultan or the Datu who holds he highest rank in a community

Answer 49

Torogan

Question 50

It is an ancestral communal house for him who will reside in it with his closest relatives.

Answer 50

Torogan

Question 51

Function: A torogan is built for the sultan or the datu who holds the highest rank in a community

Answer 51

Home of the Datu

Question 52

Function: The torogan is a multi-purpose building which serves as a meeting hall when the sultan or a datu calls for a conference.

Answer 52

Meeting Hall

Question 53

Function: The torogan is where the sultan holds court. Community problems are brought to the attention of the sultan who would summon the contending parties for possible settlement of the particular case.

Answer 53

Community Court

Question 54

Function: Torogans are used for big ceremonies such as weddings, wakes, and religious gatherings as well as major conflict resolutions between individuals or groups

Answer 54

Ceremonial and Social Hall

Question 55

Function: The torogan serves as a social hall of the community where life-cycle celebrations involving prominent members of the community are held such as baptism, wedding, wake, and death anniversaries

Answer 55

Ceremonial and Social Hall

Question 56

Function: The torogan is also the spiritual house of a Maranaw community where children learn to read and write the Holy Qur'an.

Answer 56

Spiritual House

Question 57

found in the panolong is shaped like a serpent with its mouth opening to the east.

Answer 57

Niyaga Motif

Question 58

Other forms of okir such as_________________ are believed to give prosperity and perpetual peace to the residents of the torogan.

Answer 58

pako rabong (fern blossoms)

Question 59

Certain okir motif also serves as protection against evil spirits such as _________________found on the wall divisions in a torogan, around it, or on the intestine of the house (rampatan).

Answer 59

arabesque motifs

Question 60

intestine of the house/torogan

Answer 60

rampantan

Question 61

Outside the torogan is the ________________where activities which cannot be accommodated inside are held.

Answer 61

lama (wide yard)

Question 62

The torogan has high ceiling and steep roof with panolong and beams with ornate designs that resemble boat prows, heavily decorated with the __________________________and with massive posts from tree trunks.

Answer 62

naga (fern-like sacred snake)

Question 63

fern-like sacred snake

Answer 63

naga