PHILO eastern

Question 1

Judaism

Answer 1

jewish; belief in one God

Question 2

Monotheism

Answer 2

one God

Question 3

Polytheism

Answer 3

one or more Gods

Question 4

Hundaism

Answer 4

oldest religion; 3 main Gods: brahma, shiva, vishnu; (samsara, moksha, dharma, karma).

Question 5

Brahma

Answer 5

creator

Question 6

Shiva

Answer 6

destroyer

Question 7

Vishnu

Answer 7

preserver/protector

Question 8

Samsara

Answer 8

the cycle of birth and rebirth

Question 9

Moksha

Answer 9

union with the Divine

Question 10

Dharma

Answer 10

fulfillment of duties and behavior by the established order in the world

Question 11

Karma

Answer 11

bad effect

Question 12

Shinto

Answer 12

animalistic religion

Question 13

Animism

Answer 13

the belief that objects, places, and creatures all possess a distinct spiritual essence.

Question 14

Jainism

Answer 14

rejects the idea of a creator; five main vows: (ahimsa, satya, asteya, brahmacharya, aparigraha)

Question 15

Ahimsa

Answer 15

non-violence

Question 16

Satya

Answer 16

truth

Question 16

Asteya

Answer 16

honesty

Question 17

Brahmacharya

Answer 17

chastity

Question 18

Aparigraha

Answer 18

piety

Question 19

Buddhism

Answer 19

dukkha (earthly desires); eightfold path; shares beliefs with hinduism; two major branches (theravada & mahayana)

Question 20

Confucianism

Answer 20

self-transformation

Question 21

Islam

Answer 21

belief in one God (Allah); the practice of five pillars: (shahada, salat, zakat, sawm, hajj)

Question 22

Taoism

Answer 22

unity and harmony among opposing elements (yin & yang); individuals must seek to understand and act in accordance with the natural order.

Question 23

Shahada

Answer 23

testament of faith

Question 24

Salat

Answer 24

daily prayers

Question 25

Zakat

Answer 25

alms-giving

Question 26

Sawm

Answer 26

fasting during the month of ramadan

Question 27

Hajj

Answer 27

pilgrimage to the holy city of mecca

Question 28

Islam

Answer 28

religion and society are closely intertwined; all muslims are members of a community (ummah) bounded by faith.

Question 29

Sikhism

Answer 29

God is believed to have created the universe, and is present everywhere and in everything; man communicates with God through meditation, and his ultimate destiny is union with Divine.