Philosophical Perspective of the Self

Question 1

It is the study of the basic/fundamental principles of life, knowledge, reality, existence, morality, and human nature through the use of Logic and Reason

Answer 1

Philosophy

Question 2

The three Objectives of Philosophy?

Answer 2

1. It opens the minds of people.
2. It does not provide ultimate answers despite the ultimate nature of philosophical ideas.
   3 Encourages individuals to seek answers for themselves.

Question 3

There is a fundamental principle/thing that underlies everything, including human self.

Answer 3

Cosmo-centric

Question 4

The Philosopher that believes Earth flows on Water

Answer 4

Thales

Question 5

The Philosopher that believes Apeiron: boundless something as the originating cause of the world

Answer 5

Anaximander

Question 6

The Philosopher that believes Air is the source of all things

Answer 6

Anaximenes

Question 7

The Philosopher that believes everything is composed of atoms which are physically but geometrically indivisible.

Answer 7

Democritus

Question 8

The Philosopher that believes everything is Fire: everything is in constant change more so than chaos.

Answer 8

Heraclitus

Question 9

Which Philosopher believes that mind or the supreme principle is infinite.

Answer 9

Anaxagoras

Question 10

Which Philosopher associated his philosophy in numbers

Answer 10

Pythagoras

Question 11

The first philosopher who ever engaged in systematic questioning of the self

Answer 11

Socrates

Question 12

Socrates’ famous quotes

Answer 12

“know thyself”
“An unexamined life is not worth living”

Question 13

Socrates’ dualistic reality

Answer 13

*Mind (imperfect and impermanent)
*Soul (perfect and permanent)

Question 14

A student of Socrates and supports the dualistic reality

Answer 14

Plato

Question 15

The philosopher that said “There is a dynamic relationship with each other in agreement or in conflict. But the responsibility of the reason is to store harmony among the three”

Answer 15

Plato

Question 16

Plato’s 3 parts of soul(psyche)

Answer 16

*Reason (the divine that let us think deeply)
*Appetite (biological needs)
*Spirit/passion (basic emotions)

Question 17

The philosopher that said “The self strives to achieve union with God through faith and soul”

Answer 17

St. Augustine

Question 18

The philosopher that said “Body is bound to Earth and Soul anticipate”

Answer 18

St Augustine

Question 19

A rationalist (opinions and actions on knowledge and reason after than on religious beliefs or emotional response)

Answer 19

Rene Descartes

Question 20

Meaning of “Cogito Ergo Sum”

Answer 20

I think, therefore, I am

Question 21

An idea wherein it can exist independent of the body but doesn’t deny the association of the body to the self

Answer 21

Self: A thinking thing

Question 22

Rene Descartes’ Dualism

Answer 22

Thinking (spiritual) self vs. physical body

Question 23

One of Rene Descartes’ dualism wherin it is governed by the laws of reason and God’s will

Answer 23

Thinking (spiritual self)

Question 24

One of the Rene Descartes’ dualism wherein it is governed by the laws of nature

Answer 24

Physical Body

Question 25

An empiricist: knowledge is derived from experience derived from sense

Answer 25

John Locke

Question 26

John Locke's another term for Mind (self)

Answer 26

Tabularasa (a blank slate)

Question 27

The philosopher that said "Knowledge originates in direct sense experience"

Answer 27

John Locke

Question 28

The philosopher that said "Reason plays a subsequent role in figuring out the significance of our sense experience and in reaching intelligent conclusions"

Answer 28

John Locke

Question 29

An empiricist, skepticist, and nihilist philosopher

Answer 29

David Hume

Question 30

The philosopher that said "There is no self!"

Answer 30

David Hume

Question 31

Empiricism

Answer 31

*Impressions (basic sensations of experience) *Ideas (copies of impressions)

Question 32

The philosopher that said "We construct the self!"

Answer 32

Immanuel Kant

Question 33

He founded the psychoanalytic school of psychology.

Answer 33

Sigmund Freud

Question 34

According to Sigmund Freud, the self is multi-layered:

Answer 34

*Conscious *Subconscious *Unconscious

Question 35

Freud's Regions on the Mind

Answer 35

* ID (pleasure seeking principle) * ego (reality principle) *Superego (moralistic principle)

Question 36

The philosopher that said "The mind/self is the brain"

Answer 36

Paul Churchland

Question 37

The philosopher that said "The mind and body are intertwined that they cannot be separated from one another"

Answer 37

Maurice Merleau-Ponty

Question 38

The philosopher that beilives the living body, his thoughts, emotions, and experiences are all one.

Answer 38

Maurice Marleau-Ponty