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UTS > PHILOSOPHY > Flashcards

PHILOSOPHY Flashcards

1
Q

PHILOSOPHY

A

Etymology

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2
Q

Philo

A

Loving

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3
Q

Sophia

A

Knowledge, Wisdom

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4
Q

answering question regarding the name and existence of man and the world we live in

A

Philosophy

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5
Q

Who said human choice was motivated by the desire for HAPPINESS

A

SOCRATES

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6
Q
  • Ultimate wisdom comes from knowing ONESELF
A

SOCRATES

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7
Q

A moral epistemological and injunction

A

KNOWTHYSELF

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8
Q

a Dualist, there is a both IMMATERIAL MIND (SOUL) and MATERIAL BODY

A

PLATO

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9
Q

The soul (mind) itself is divided into 3 parts

A

o REASON
o APPETITE
o WILL

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10
Q

He thinks that by turning inwards and upwards

A

ST. AGUSTINE

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11
Q

Inwards

A

acquiring knowledge from the environment

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12
Q

Upwards

A

knowledge you acquired you need to use that to become a better, you will transcend to heaven

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13
Q

He believe to divine trinity

A

ST. AGUSTINE

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14
Q

Depends on moral and intellectual perfection

A

Se cogitare

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15
Q

accounts for the unity of consciousness and identity of the self

A

Se nosse

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16
Q

He begins with an argument known commonly as the COGITO

A

RENE DESCARTES

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17
Q

AMCOGITO ERGO SUM

A

I think Therefore I AM

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18
Q

defined as something that is capable of existing independently of all things besides the sustaining power of body.

A

SUBSTANCE

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19
Q

is consider as a substance

A

MIND

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20
Q

an “EMPTY” mind

A

TABULA RASA

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21
Q

Propose TABULA RASA

A

JOHN LOCKE

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22
Q

PERSONAL IDENTITY is not the brain, but in

A

CONSCIOUSNESS

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23
Q

there is no mind or self.

A

DAVID HUME

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24
Q

The perception that one has are only active when one is

A

conscious

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25
Q

appears to be reducing personality and cognition to a machine that may be turned on and off

A

DAVID HUME

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26
Q

He is a Dualist, used INNER SENSE to depend the HETEROGENEITY of body and soul

A

IMMANUEL KANT

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27
Q

mind and our soul, it is more on our psychological state.

A

INNER SELF

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28
Q

Physical body, more on performing acts

A

OUTER SELF

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29
Q

PSYCHOANALTIC THEORY

A

SIGMUND FREUD

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30
Q

3 MODEL OF THE PSYCHE

A

ID , EGO , SUPER EGO

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31
Q

Pleasure principle, it is the primitive and instinctual part of the mind that contains and aggressive drives and hidden memories

A

o ID

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32
Q

Reality Principle, it is the realistic part that mediates between the desires of the id and the super ego.

A

o EGO

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33
Q

Moral Principle, it operates as a moral conscience

A

o SUPER EGO

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34
Q

When the male baby was born, he has automatically sexual urges forward his mother

A
  • Oedipus Complex
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35
Q

When the female baby was born, she has sexual urges toward her father.

A
  • Electra complex
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36
Q

Unfulfilled wishes and as a warning

A

INTERPRETATION OF DREAMS

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37
Q
  • ONLY I AM ABLE TO PERCIEVE AND EXPERIRENCE THE STATES AND PROCESSES OF MY OWN MIND
A

GILBERT RYLE

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38
Q

it is a dualistic conception

A
  • OFFICIAL DOCTRINE
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39
Q

He didn’t believe to mental states is equal to brain states. He believed to eliminate materialist

A

PAUL CHURCHLAND

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40
Q

“I LIVE IN MY BODY”

A

MAURICE MERLEU-PONTY

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41
Q

refers to a is a single integrated entity

A

I

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42
Q

“There is not a duality of substances but only the dialectic of living being in its biological milieu”

A

MAURICE MERLEU-PONTY

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43
Q

a natural synthesis of minds and biology and any attempts to divide their into separate entities are artificial and nonsensical

A

Our “Living Body”

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44
Q

latin word that means “COMPANION” or “ASSOCIATE

A
  • Socius
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45
Q

Greek word for “STUDY OF”

A

LOGOS

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46
Q

the study of HUMAN SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP and INSTITUTIONS

A
  • SOCIOLOGY
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47
Q

theories of the self-attempts to explain how social processes such as socialization influence the development of the self

A
  • SOCIOLOGICAL
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48
Q

is the individual person, from his or her own perspective

A

The SELF

49
Q

Is the capacity for introspection and the ability to reconcile oneself as an individual separate from the environment and other individuals

A

SELF AWARENESS

50
Q

The general notation that a person has regarding the common expectation of others within his or her social group

A

GENERALIZED OTHER

51
Q

The process of learning one’s culture and how to live within it

A

SOCIALIZATION

52
Q

A group sharing a common understanding and often the same language, manners and etc.

A
  • COMMUNITY
53
Q

it is also called as INITIAL SOCIALIZATION, is when a child learns to interact, behave and talk in society through FAMILY MEMBERS

A

Primary Socialization

54
Q

It occurs during the school year and adolescent years and happen through non-family influence

A

Secondary Socialization

55
Q

is the theory that an individual’s peer groups, rather than parental figures influences his or her personality and behavior in adulthood

A

Group Socialization

56
Q

Is the process whereby an employee learns the knowledge and skills necessary to assume his or her organizational role

A

Organizational Socialization

57
Q

A. 7 FACTORS THAT AFFECT US

A
  1. Family
  2. Religion
  3. Peer Group
  4. Economic Systems
  5. Legal System
  6. Penal system
  7. Language
58
Q

2 Media that affect us

A

MASS MEDIA and SOCIAL MEDIA

59
Q

One of the most important sociological approaches to the self was developed by American sociologist

A

GEORGE HERBERT MEAD

60
Q

it is the version of ourselves when we’re not socializing with others of MEAD

A

I self

61
Q

it is the version of ourselves when we’re socializing with others of MEAD

A

Me Self

62
Q

MAN, MANKIND, HUMAN, HUMANITY

A

Antropos

63
Q

ancient Greek of LOGY

A

LOGIA

64
Q

STUDY OF HUMANITY OR CULTURE

A

ANTHROPOLOGY

65
Q

He is the father of communism

A

KARL MARX

66
Q

He opposed the imperial version of anthropology when it was at its strangest, the problem was socio-political

A

KARL MARX

67
Q

meant that some individuals became rulers and owners, while the rest become the proletariat, workers workout the freedom to choose in any useful way

A

CAPITALISM

68
Q

It is the solution proposed by Marx in which the workers would once again, take control over their work.

A

COMMUNISM

69
Q

He said that we have two society

A

EMILE DURKHIEM

70
Q

have collective awareness and weak self-identity.

A

TRADITIONAL SOCIETIES

71
Q

Have individual awareness and strong self-identity

A

WESTERN SOCIETIES

72
Q

Describes actions or behavior that violate social norms

A

DEVIANT BEHAVIOR

73
Q

A form of behavior which goes beyond the expected or approved behavior of the group

A

DEVIANT BEHAVIOR

74
Q

4 Infractions of the sex code and laws

A

Rape
Prostitution
Pornography
Sexual Pervasion;

75
Q

4 Sexual Pervasion

A

Zoophilia
Pedophilia
Necrophilia
Nymphomania

76
Q

5 Infraction of life, liberty, property and against the state

A
  • Abortion
  • Child Abuse
  • Wife/Husband battering
  • Graft and Corruption
  • Juvenile Delinquency
77
Q

4 Infraction against self (Victimless Crime )

A
  • Alcoholism
  • Suicide
  • Drug Abuse
  • Prostitution
78
Q

He thought that the individual was almost entirely the product of the social environment any self-hood was therefore imposed on the individual by the local culture

A

CLAUDE LEVI – STRAUSS

79
Q

Another anthropologist with an interest in myth, took a very different view of selfhood in traditional societies

A

JOSEPH CAMPBELL

80
Q

leads to the celebration of individual creativity which cannot actually exist

A

MODERN INDIVIDUALTY

81
Q

all myths as carrying one single message

A

MONOMYTH

82
Q

THIS MYTH HAS FOUR FUNCTIONS:

A
  • To explain nature
  • To Reconcile the conscious experience of life to the subliminal experience
  • To establish the contains that society must place on the individual to ensure group survival
  • To provide a template by which individuals should live and to ensure personal survival
83
Q

He proposed that any anthropological study of the self-need to recognize the physical body. The human self is both subjective thing experienced in physical culture and an objective thing experience in a symbolic culture

A

THOMAS CSORDAS

84
Q

it means “of the soul, spirit, psyche, or mind”

A

psycho

85
Q

“Denotes the character, actions, or departments of knowledge”

A

Logos

86
Q

Latin Word of PSYCHOLOGY

A

psychologia

87
Q

The one who made the Cognitive constructivism theory

A

JEAN PIAGET

88
Q

that result in changes in the structure of the self-system, namely how self-representation are organized

A

COGNITIVE DEVELOPEMENTAL PROCESSES

89
Q

3 ways to learn the COGNITIVE DEVELOPEMENTAL PROCESSES

A
  • Legit Experience
  • Through making errors
  • Looking for solutions
90
Q

it is used when he or she thinking while socializing with others of William

A

THINKING SELF

91
Q

IMPERICAL/EXPERIENCE SELF, it is the storage of all the past memories and his or her will experienced in the future of WILLIAM JAMES

A

ME – SELF

92
Q

it is used when he or she thinking while socializing with others or the Thinking Self of WILLIAM JAMES

A

I – SELF

93
Q

3 Global Self Evaluation

A
  • Self-esteem
  • Self-worth
  • General self-concept
94
Q

The domains of specific self-evaluation

A
  • Cognitive competence
  • Social acceptance
  • Physical Appearance
95
Q

is a theory which applies to human development and family dynamics.

A

SELF-DIFFERENTIATION THEORY

96
Q

the ability to separate feelings and thoughts.

A

Differentiation (Separation) of self

97
Q

person who can’t decide and separate the feelings and the thoughts

A

Undifferentiated People

98
Q

process of freeing yourself from your family’ process to define yourself

A

Differentiation

99
Q

The concept of REAL SELF VS IDEAL SELF is usually attributed humanistic perspective in psychology. Specially to

A

Carl Rogers

100
Q

Defined from humanistic perspective, is the person we would like to be, our inspiration, our goals, the way we imagine our future.

A

IDEAL SELF

101
Q

On the other hand this is what we really are, which, is not as simple as it sounds.

A

REAL SELF

102
Q

In order to deal with neuroticism (Stress and Anxiety) our body have what?

A

Defense mechanism

103
Q

said that the mind is composed of multiple such sub selves that are autonomous sets of psychological processes

A

David Lester

104
Q

What are the 4 multiple sub selves that are autonomous sets of psychological processes

A

dreams, desires, emotions and memories

105
Q

is the integration of the sub selves into one, however, integration is a task for the later part of life

A

Unified self

106
Q

is inherently moral, good, and transcends situations and circumstances and culturally stable; governed by the moral code.

A

True self

107
Q

accepts the existence of multiple selves, defined as others have defined them, but she introduced the division of multiple selves into major and minor selves and a number of fragmentary micros.

A

Rita Carter

108
Q

is a “fully fleshed out character with thoughts, desires, intentions, emotions, ambitions and beliefs”.

A

Major

109
Q

are less complex than majors and come out in particular situations

A

Minors

110
Q

are “the building blocks of personalities—individual responses, thoughts, ideas, habit”, as small as a physical or vocal tic or a repeated intrusive thought or emotion

A

Micros

111
Q

human functioning is a product of a reciprocal interplay of intrapersonal, behavioral and environmental determinants.

A

Albert Bandura

112
Q

more likely to have an independent view of themselves

A

individualistic cultures

113
Q

more likely to have an interdependent view of themselves

A

collectivistic cultures

114
Q

relationships are often seen as voluntary, and it’s not uncommon to choose to end relationships that are not beneficial

A

individualistic cultures

115
Q

are often seen as more stable and permanent.

A

collectivistic cultures

116
Q

takes this pragmatic account to support an externalist conception of the self

A

Richard Menary

117
Q

a mental structure, or the brain; it is distributed through embodied practices into the environment.

A

The Cartesian ego

118
Q

He said that noting his proximity to recent conceptions of extended cognition. In complete contrast to what we normally take to be the Cartesian self.

A

John Dewey

119
Q

Who said ‘Thinking, or knowledge getting, [and here we would insert ‘self’]

A

Dewey states

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