Philosophy

Question 1

“Philos” and “Sophia” meaning

Answer 1

“Love for Wisdom”

Question 2

Socrates

Answer 2

Socrates believed that philosophy should produce practical results in order to improve the well-being of society. He tried to establish an ethical system based on human reason rather than on theological doctrine.

Question 3

The Socratic Method

Answer 3

Method of eliminating hypotheses, continuous identification and elimination of those that lead to contradictions

Question 4

Socrates Philosophy

Answer 4

The Unexamined Life is not Worth Living

Question 5

PLATO

Theory of Forms

Answer 5

physical realm and the spiritual realm

Question 6

ST. AUGUSTINE

Answer 6

the science for the solution of the problem of life

Question 7

RENE DESCARTES

Answer 7

Father of Modern Philosophy

Descartes discarded tradition and supported rationalization and logic rather than ideas based upon experiences

Question 8

RENE DESCARTES

Methodological Skepticism

Answer 8

Descartes’ main method of acquisition of knowledge was to doubt everything

Question 9

JOHN LOCKE

Answer 9

John Locke holds that personal identity is a matter of psychological continuity.

Question 10

Tabula Rasa

Answer 10

(Latin: “scraped tablet”—i.e., “clean slate”)

Question 11

Memory

Answer 11

Memory, as the proverbial storehouse of all our ideas.

Question 12

Consciousness

Answer 12

Memory makes possible the integrity of personal identity

Question 13

Empiricism

Answer 13

ancient Greek word empeiria (experience)

the view that all concepts originate in experience

Question 14

DAVID HUME

Answer 14

how themindworks in acquiring what is called knowledge. There can be no knowledge of anything beyond experience.

Question 15

IMMANUEL KANT

Answer 15

According to him, we all have an inner and an outer self which together form our consciousness.

Question 16

The Outer Self

Answer 16

At times it is helpful to present a different outer self to the world than what we experience on the inside

Question 17

The Inner Self

Answer 17

In contrast to the outer self, the inner self is about what can’t be seen: feelings, intuition, values, beliefs, personality, thoughts, emotions, fantasies, spirituality, desire, and purpose

Question 18

Sigmund Freud

Answer 18

father of psychiatry
the Freudian theory of personality. Freud believed that events in our childhood have a great influence on our adult lives, shaping our personality

Question 19

The Id

Answer 19

The id is the primitive and instinctive component of personality. It consists of all the inherited
responds to basic urges, needs, and desires.

Question 20

The Ego

Answer 20

The ego is ‘that part of the id which has been modified by the direct influence of the external world. Decision making component.

Question 21

The Superego

Answer 21

The superego incorporates the values and morals of society which are learned from one’s parents and others. It develops around the age of 3 – 5 years during the phallic stage of psychosexual development

Question 22

Gilbert Ryle

Answer 22

Ryle’s first book, The Concept of Mind

Question 23

Paul churchland

Answer 23

Along with his wife, Churchland is a major proponent of eliminative materialism