Philosophy final exam

Question 1

Truth

Answer 1

mode of being

Question 2

Good

Answer 2

Nature of being in its natural form

Question 3

being centered ethics

Answer 3

being is and being is good

Question 4

Teleological/teleology

Answer 4

telos (purpose or goal)
- nature gives an object value
- everything has a purpose stamped on it
Being is the source of all good

Question 5

Virtue ethics

Answer 5

virtues that allow you to flourish and reach your goals

Question 6

Ultitarinism

Answer 6

*Teleological
not my own pleasures but the good that brings happiness to people

Question 7

Deontological

Answer 7

certain things that are right and wrong

Question 8

ethics/morals

Answer 8

nature of the good

Question 9

metaethics

Answer 9

asking big questions about the nature of ethics

Question 10

Being centric

Answer 10

being = good
- different kinds of value because it shares in the good of being

Question 11

Ego centric

Answer 11

• grounded in the experiencing individual experiences

Question 12

Ego centric ethics (2 approaches)

Answer 12

rational = “I think”
empirical = sense experience

Question 13

Fact value distinction

Answer 13

David Hume
- our desire shapes an objects value

Question 14

Reason/emotion (experiences)

Answer 14

subjective value - ego centric

Question 15

Consequential ethics (two schools of thought)

Answer 15

1) ethical egoism
- whether or not it fulfills subjective desires
2) Utilitarianism
- maximum amount of pleasure for max amount of people

Question 16

emotivism

Answer 16

metaethical

Question 17

relativism

Answer 17

individual or group thinking
- truth or relative to the individual or a group shaped by desires

Question 18

Kant - deontology

Answer 18

• desires should be measured with reason
• duty based ethic (focus on rules)

Question 19

Categorical imperative

Answer 19

“Treat others the way you’d want to be treated”