Philosophy final exam Flashcards
Final exam study set (19 cards)
Truth
mode of being
Good
Nature of being in its natural form
being centered ethics
being is and being is good
Teleological/teleology
telos (purpose or goal)
- nature gives an object value
- everything has a purpose stamped on it
Being is the source of all good
Virtue ethics
virtues that allow you to flourish and reach your goals
Ultitarinism
*Teleological
not my own pleasures but the good that brings happiness to people
Deontological
certain things that are right and wrong
ethics/morals
nature of the good
metaethics
asking big questions about the nature of ethics
Being centric
being = good
- different kinds of value because it shares in the good of being
Ego centric
- grounded in the experiencing individual experiences
Ego centric ethics (2 approaches)
rational = “I think”
empirical = sense experience
Fact value distinction
David Hume
- our desire shapes an objects value
Reason/emotion (experiences)
subjective value - ego centric
Consequential ethics (two schools of thought)
1) ethical egoism
- whether or not it fulfills subjective desires
2) Utilitarianism
- maximum amount of pleasure for max amount of people
emotivism
metaethical
relativism
individual or group thinking
- truth or relative to the individual or a group shaped by desires
Kant - deontology
- desires should be measured with reason
- duty based ethic (focus on rules)
Categorical imperative
“Treat others the way you’d want to be treated”