Philosophy quizzes

Question 1

Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that is concerned with…

Answer 1

Existence

Question 2

What are the parts of an argument?

Answer 2

The premise and the conclusion

Question 3

Which of the following consists of the rules of correct reasoning?

Answer 3

Logic

Question 4

Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with…

Answer 4

Knowledge

Question 5

Which of the following is JTB?

Answer 5

Applied practical understanding

Question 6

Which of the following is a set of propositions where one is said to be demonstrated by the others?

Answer 6

Elicited claim

Question 7

“Something cannot both be and not be at the same time and in the same respect”

Answer 7

The law of Contridiction

Question 8

“Something either is or is not”

Answer 8

The Law of the Excluded Middle

Question 9

Axiology is the branch of philosophy concerned with….

Answer 9

value

Question 10

“something is what it is”

Answer 10

The Law of identity

Question 11

Each participant should be committed to the task of earnestly searching for the truth or at least searching for the most defensible position on the issue under discussion.

Answer 11

The truth-seeking principle

Question 12

Moral reasoning is….

Answer 12

reasoning about what one ought to morally do

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT critical thinking skills?

Answer 13

recognizing that a problem exists

Question 14

An opponent’s argument, if weak, should be reformulated and expressed in the strongest versio possible that is consistent with the original intention of the arguer

Answer 14

The Principle of Charity

Question 15

Reasoning morally is…

Answer 15

adopting a code of conduct that endangers and is conducive to critical thinking and rational discourse

Question 16

Which of the following is rational discourse?

Answer 16

The giving and receiving of reasons, according to commonly agreed upon standards of verification, for the purpose of distinguishing truth from falsehood, appearance from reality, and mere opinion from informed opinion

Question 17

Critical thinking is…

Answer 17

that mode of thinking in which the thinker improves the quality of his or her thinking by skillfully taking charge of the structures inherent in thinking and imposing intellectual standards upon them

Question 18

Willed ignorance, an attitude of refusing to accept evidence or arguments contrary to one’s favored position or belief, is opposite of which principle?

Answer 18

The Fallibility Principle

Question 19

Each participant should adopt an attitude of acknowledging that through thorough examination of the issue, one’s own position may be revealed as false or indefensible

Answer 19

The Fallibility Principle

Question 20

Eristic argumentation, arguing to win- to prove one’s position the superior position- and not to reach the most acceptable or defensible position, is the opposite of which principle?

Answer 20

The Truth-Seeking Principle

Question 21

Pythagoras argued that the first principle of existance is essentially like…

Answer 21

Number and Proportion

Question 22

Thales argued that the first principle of existence is essentially like…

Answer 22

Water or Fluidity

Question 23

Heraclitus argued that the universe is conflict (polemos) which is ordered by a principle called…

Answer 23

Logos

Question 24

Leucippus and Democritus develpoed a deterministic metaphysical system called…

Answer 24

Atomism

Question 25

Zeno of Elea, a disciple of Parmenides, used which Ancient Greek hero in his paradoxes?

Answer 25

Achilles

Question 26

The Pre-Socratic philosophers were...

Answer 26

- known as the first metaphysicians - challengers of traditional & conventional beliefs - ultimately concerned with the stuff of existence

Question 27

The Greek word arete, usually translated as "virtue", is better expressed as...

Answer 27

The excellence of a thing and its capacity to perfom its function with excellence

Question 28

Which monist argued that the first principle is Pneuma, the all-pervasive spirit?

Answer 28

Anaximenes

Question 29

Parmenides argues that what exists is Being and that which does not is Nonbeing. Being possesses which attributes?

Answer 29

Being is indivisible

Question 30

Heraclitus argued that the first principle of existence is a transformational unity of opposites which he metaphorically represented with...

Answer 30

Fire

Question 31

During the time it takes the fastest runner to reach the slowest runner's location at the beginning of that time, the slowest runner will always have moved some distance ahead, so that every time the fastest runner reaches the slowest runner's new starting point, the slowest runner will be ahead some. The slowest runner in the race will never be overtaken by the fastest runner.

Answer 31

Achilles and the Tortoise

Question 32

In Pythagorean thought, which of the following is the first principle?

Answer 32

Number and proportion

Question 33

Which is the first Western thinker who referred to himself as a "philosopher"

Answer 33

Pythagoras

Question 34

(T/F) The original theory regarding Zeno developing his paradoxes entails a challenge to the Pythagorean attempt to apply mathematical notions to the natural world

Answer 34

False

Question 35

Zeno of Elea is known for his ingenious paradoxes that attempted to demonstrate...

Answer 35

- that motion is impossible | - that the belief that there are many things leads to contradiction

Question 36

This is the argument about the impossibility of motion because what moves must reach the half-way point earlier than the end. It is not possible to transverse or make contact with unlimited things individually in a limited time.

Answer 36

The Stadium (or the Dichotomy)

Question 37

(T/F) Pythagoras's name led him to be associated with Pythian Apollo (the Delphic Oracle)

Answer 37

True

Question 38

According to Iamblichus, who once said that "number is the ruler of forms and ideas and the cause of gods and demons"?

Answer 38

Pythagoras

Question 39

If there are many things, it is necessary that they be just so many as they are and neither greater than themselves nor fewer. But if they are just as many as they are, they will be unlimited. If there are many things, the must be distinct, that is, seperate from eachother. Any two things will be distinct or seperate from one another only if there is some other thing between them. Thus, if there are many things, then there must be finitely many things; and if there are many things, then there must be infinately many things.

Answer 39

The Antinomy of the Limited and the Unlimited

Question 40

If everything always is resting whenever it is against what is equal, and what moves is always in the now, then the thing which moves is really motionless. What moves does not move in the place where it is.

Answer 40

The Arrow

Question 41

In essence, Thrasymachus argued that...

Answer 41

Good guys finish last

Question 42

Protagoras was an advocate of the philosophical view of...

Answer 42

Relativism

Question 43

The "thirty" were...

Answer 43

A group of thirty Athenian nobles who formed a short-lived, Pro-Spartan oligarchic dictatorship

Question 44

Who claimed that moderation and temperance- both traditional Greek virtues- are for the ignorant and the impotent?

Answer 44

Callicles

Question 45

What is not a doctorine of Gorgias?

Answer 45

People need to defend themselves by any means necessary

Question 46

What are the doctrines of Gorgias?

Answer 46

- nothing exists - even if something exists, nothing can be known about it - even if something can be known about, knowledge about it cannot be communicated to others

Question 47

Who said "Man is the measure of all things"?

Answer 47

Protagoras

Question 48

Consider the words of Aristophanes, from his play "the clouds"..."so Zeus, it seems, has no existance, and it is the whirlwind that reigns in his stead? But you have not yet told me what makes the roll of the thunder? The whirlwind has driven out Zeus and is King now." What does this imply?

Answer 48

the taditional religious and moral values of Hellenic society have been undermined without leaving anything substantial in their place

Question 49

The term "sophist" originated from the Greek meaning...

Answer 49

- one who makes a business out of wisedom - the wise-ist - one who "does" wisdom

Question 50

Which is not part of the Doctrine of the Superior Individual

Answer 50

Power which is absolute corrupts absolutely

Question 51

What is the Doctrine of the Superior Individual?

Answer 51

- People are no more created equal than all the animals are - powerful individuals have a natural right to dominate others - Power is the ultimate value

Question 52

They are skeptical and relativistic concerning morality, knowledge, and metaphysics. As masters of rhetoric, they work for the highest bidder. They are known especially for arguing to win and not to get to truth. Their attitude, coupled with the wealth they garnered, eventually led them to popular resentment against them, their ideas, and the writings associated with them.

Answer 52

The Sophists