Phlebotomy Final

Question 1

Define “Quality Control”

Answer 1

QC is a system of tasks that are performed to monitor processes in our lab for quality all the time.

Question 2

Define “Quality Assurance”

Answer 2

QA is a process of establishing ongoing policies, protocols and procedures to ensure that samples are collected and handled correctly all the time.

Question 3

What is the difference between plasma and serum?

Answer 3

Plasma is the liquid portion of Whole Blood. Serum is basically just plasma without the clotting
factors.

Question 4

What is the medical term for a Red Blood Cell?

Answer 4

Erythrocyte

Question 5

What does the acronym CLSI stand for?

Answer 5

Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute

Question 6

Who requires that laboratories have current procedural manuals that are reviewed annually?

Answer 6

Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations. JCAHO, Joint Commission.

Question 7

When a lavender tube is spun, what is the liquid that remains?

Answer 7

Plasma

Question 8

These bottles contain special resins inside that serve to inactivate antibiotic action, allowing the microorganism to grow if present.

Answer 8

Antimicrobial Removal Device, ARD

Question 9

The doctor has ordered a Bilirubin sample, how should the sample be prepared?

Answer 9

If the bilirubin sample is exposed to light, the bilirubin level will decrease, so the tubes must be protected from light.

Question 10

What does the acronym PHI stand for?

Answer 10

Private Health Information

Question 11

Drug levels may be ordered at what point of concentration in the blood?

Answer 11

Peak Level

Question 12

On the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) warning label, what do the four colors represent?

Answer 12

Blue Health Hazard
Red Fire Hazard
Yellow Reactivity Hazard
White Specific Hazard

Question 13

The doctor orders a CBC. What sample is needed? What tube would be used for the draw?

Answer 13

The plasma would be needed from a Lavender tube once it’s been spun.

Question 14

What are the preferred sites for venipuncture, in order of preference?

Answer 14

Median Cubital
Cephalic
Basilic

Question 15

This blood contains liquid and cell components.

Answer 15

Whole Blood

Question 16

What are the clotting factors?

Answer 16

1)Fibrinogen 2)Prothrombin 3)Tissue factor, thromboplastin 4)Calcium 5)Labile factor,; proaccelerin 6)Serum Prothrombin conversion activator, proconvertin 7)Anti hemophilic factor 8)Plasma Thromboplastin component 9) Stewart-Prower Factor 10) Plasma Thrombplastin Antecedent 11)Hageman factor 12)Fibrin Stabilizing Factor. Platelet Factor-Cephalin

Question 17

This blood sample is cloudy or milky in appearance.

Answer 17

A Lipemic sample. High Lipids

Question 18

What is the medical term for fainting?

Answer 18

Syncope.

Question 19

How do we know that the Microtainer or Micro tubes aren’t vacuum sealed?

Answer 19

The top cap is removable.

Question 20

What is the maximum depth for a heel stick on an

infant?

Answer 20

2.0 mm or less.

Question 21

How is the venipuncture site cleaned?

Answer 21

Scrub the site using an alcohol wipe for 20 seconds using an up and down motion

Question 22

CLIA waived tests = POCT. Where are these tests performed?

Answer 22

At the patient’s bedside.

Question 23

What can affect a Potassium (K+) test?

Answer 23

Hemolysis

Question 24

What is it called when a person threatens to do bodily harm to someone else?

Answer 24

Assault

Question 25

The doctor orders an ammonia test. How should the sample be handled?

Answer 25

It needs to be put on ice and immediately delivered to the lab marked "STAT".

Question 26

How should a blood spill be cleaned?

Answer 26

Using a 90% water to 10% chlorine bleach solution, or a Spill Kit.

Question 27

In what part of the body is blood produced?

Answer 27

RBCs are produce in the bone marrow. WBCs are produced in the Yellow bone marrow.

Question 28

What additive is in the Green tube?

Answer 28

Heparin

Question 29

What is the new formation of new blood cells called?

Answer 29

Hematopoiesis

Question 30

What system is used to prevent the spread of infection?

Answer 30

Isolation system.

Question 31

In microsampling, which finger(s) are used in a capillary puncture?

Answer 31

The middle and ring fingers would be used. The puncture would be performed on the pinky side of those fingers.

Question 32

Where would a blood draw be performed at the site of an IV?

Answer 32

Below the IV or on the other arm.

Question 33

What does the color cap on a tube indicate?

Answer 33

The additive in the tube.

Question 34

Once a blood draw has been performed, when are the tube(s) inverted?

Answer 34

Immediately.

Question 35

What organization oversees laboratories?

Answer 35

JCHAO. The Joint Commission.

Question 36

What is the life span of a red blood cell?

Answer 36

120 days.

Question 37

What does the acronym FBS stand for?

Answer 37

Fasting Blood Sugar

Question 38

Why is the PKU test performed?

Answer 38

To discover if inborn errors of metabolism exist.

Question 39

What does the acronym FUO stand for?

Answer 39

Fever of unknown origin.

Question 40

What 5 things are written on tube?

Answer 40

1) Name of patient 2)Date of draw 3)Time of draw | 4) Pt date of birth 5)CPT1 initials

Question 41

What can cause hemolysis?

Answer 41

Trauma, moving the needle, alcohol, a small needle

Question 42

What studies are performed in the Light Blue tube?

Answer 42

PT for Coumadin and (A)PTT for Heparin

Question 43

A lipid panel goes to which department in the lab?

Answer 43

Chemistry

Question 44

What is the most common occurrence after a blood draw has been performed?

Answer 44

Hematoma

Question 45

Which person has the highest level of education in the lab?

Answer 45

The Pathologist

Question 46

What is the blood volume of an infant weighing 3.3 kg at birth?

Answer 46

240 to 330 ml, ml=cc

Question 47

In a blood draw, why do we avoid the arm on the same side as a mastectomy?

Answer 47

Lymph nodes have been removed in the arm on the side of a mastectomy and a blood draw could cause an serious infection.

Question 48

What is the medical term for a fluid build up in the arms or legs?

Answer 48

Edema

Question 49

What is the amount of blood drawn for a donation?

Answer 49

450 ml or 1 pint

Question 50

Is logging refrigerator and freezer temperatures a Quality Control or Quality Assurance?

Answer 50

Quality Control

Question 51

The doctor has ordered a PT or PTT test. What is the question you would ask the patient?

Answer 51

When did you last take your medication?

Question 52

What is the reason you would centrifuge an anticoagulant tube?

Answer 52

In order to get plasma.

Question 53

What is the angle of draw for an evacuated tube?

Answer 53

15 to 30 degrees

Question 54

Name three types of isolation.

Answer 54

Airborne Contact Droplets

Question 55

How is the N95 mask worn?

Answer 55

It should fit tight and securely over the face.

Question 56

Define Septicemia.

Answer 56

Poisoning of the blood caused by bacteria or other | toxins.

Question 57

The doctor has ordered 4 blood culture draws. How many tubes will be drawn for the tests?

Answer 57

8

Question 58

Which bottle is drawn first in a blood culture study?

Answer 58

The aerobic bottle.

Question 59

Which tubes give you whole blood?

Answer 59

Red, Gold and Tiger tops.

Question 60

The PKU (Guthrie Card) test dries after what period of time?

Answer 60

3 hours.

Question 61

Which tube has trace elements?

Answer 61

Royal Blue. 1st in the order of draw. Use a Red "discard" tube after the Royal Blue tube in order to clean the sheathed needle.

Question 62

What is the maximum amount of blood drawn for a donation?

Answer 62

450 ml. ml =cc

Question 63

When a whole blood tube is spun, what are the layers?

Answer 63

Top layer is the plasma Middle layer is the Buffy Coat Bottom layer is Red Blood Cells

Question 64

The #1 way to prevent the spread of infections is?

Answer 64

Handwashing.