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Phlebotomy > Phlebotomy test > Flashcards

Phlebotomy test Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

5 phases of coagulation

A

1) Vascular (vessel constricts)
2) Platelet (cells clump to plug leak)
3) Coagulation (blood clot forms)
4) Clot retraction (clot shrinks as tear heals)
5) Fibrinolysis (clot dissolves)

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2
Q

6 links in chain of infection

A

1) Infectious agent
2) Reservoir
3) Portal of exit
4) Mode of transmission
5) Portal of entry
6) Susceptible host

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3
Q

Standard precautions

A

For all patients

Use PPE when handling bodily fluids

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4
Q

Airborne precautions

A

For infections spread via droplets SMALLER THAN 5 MICRONS

Wear respiratory protection

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5
Q

Droplet precautions

A

For infections spread via droplets LARGER THAN 5 MICRONS
Wear mask
Ex: pneumonia, streptococcal pharyngitis

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6
Q

Contact precautions

A

For infections spread through contact

Wear gloves and gown

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7
Q

Steps of communication cycle

A

1) Sender develops message
2) Sender encodes message into transmittable format
3) Sender transmits message
4) Receiver decodes the message
5) Receiver interprets the message
6) Receiver provides feedback

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8
Q

CLIA waived tests

A

Tests of least complexity to perform and with a low risk for error
Low risk for incorrect result

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9
Q

Exposure control plan

A

An OSHA compliant plan that explains ways to minimize or eliminate exposure to bloodborne pathogens

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10
Q

PHI

A

Protected Health Information

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11
Q

Informed consent

A

Patient signs a consent form after having received full information about the procedure in a language with understandable terminology

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12
Q

Expressed consent

A

Patient gives this orally or in writing on a consent form

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13
Q

Implied consent

A

Patient’s actions indicate that they are giving consent

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14
Q

Locations not to use for venipuncture

A

1) ABOVE an IV catheter
2) Arm that has a fistula, shunt for hemodialysis, central venous access device
3) Arm on same side of mastectomy
4) Site that has edema, scarring or hematoma

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15
Q

Semen specimen collection instructions

A

Protect from extreme heat or cold

Must be returned to lab within 1 hour after collection

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16
Q

Basal state

A

Condition of rest and fasting, usually for at least 12 hours

Usually in the morning after waking

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17
Q

Hematoma

A

Bruise

Collection of blood under skin

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18
Q

Phlebitis

A

inflammation of a blood vessel

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19
Q

Random urine

A

Urine specimen collected at any time of day

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20
Q

Sclerotic

A

Thickened or scarred vein caused by repeated venipuncture

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21
Q

EDTA

A

Anticoagulant

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22
Q

Hemoconcentration

A

Excessive accumulation of blood into an area of the body

Usually caused by a tourniquet left on too long or a patient pumping their fist

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23
Q

Hemostasis

A

Stopping of blood flow

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24
Q

Hemolysis

Study These Flashcards
A

Destruction of RBCs
Causes falsely elevated potassium levels
Can result from a tourniquet being left on too long

25
Iatrogenic anemia
Anemia caused by collecting too much blood | Most susceptible: older adults, children, and patients who are underweight
26
Transfix
To puncture through both sides of the vein
27
What can be used if a tourniquet is not available
Blood pressure cuff pumped to 40mm/Hg
28
Angle used for venipuncture
15 to 30 degrees
29
Conditions that newborn screenings detect
``` CF Hypothyroidism Phenylketonuria (PKU) Galactosemia Biotinidase Deficiency Sickle Cell Human immunodeficiency virus Toxoplasmosis ```
30
Calculating infant blood volume
1) Convert weight to kg (divide lbs by 2.2) 2) Multiply kg by 100 3) Convert blood volume in mL to L
31
Apheresis
Removal of blood plasma without withdrawing blood itself
32
Autologous transfusion
When a patient donates blood to be used for their own needs for future use
33
Biotinidase
Enzyme that breaks down biotin
34
Galactosemia
Lack of enzyme that breaks down galactose into glucose | If untreated, the infant can slowly starve to death
35
Hemochromatosis
High iron count
36
Polycythemia vera
High RBC count
37
PKU
- Metabolic genetic disorder - Deficiency in hepatic enzyme called phenylalanine hydroxylase - Causes permanent intellectual disabilities, seizures, delayed development, behavioral problems, psychiatric disorders, lightening of skin and hair, and eczema * *PHENYLALANINE CAN BE FOUND IN MOST FOODS- IF NOT BROKEN DOWN IT CAN RISE TO TOXIC LEVELS IN INFANTS
38
Postprandial
After a meal
39
Therapeutic phlebotomy
Form of phlebotomy prescribed as treatment for patients who have polycythemia vera or hemochromatosis
40
Critical value
Lab test result outside the expected range that can be life threatening
41
Diluent
A solution that reduces the concentration of a specimen | Ex: water, saline
42
Point of care (POC)
At or near the patient or at the patient's bedside
43
Reference Laboratory
Lab that is outside a patient care facility which can perform many more types of testing than the hospital lab
44
Thermolabile
Sensitive to high temperatures
45
EDTA tube tests
WBC | CBC
46
Sodium citrate tube tests
Coagulation | PTT
47
SST tube tests
``` Pregnancy Random glucose test Bilirubin (protected from light) Cold agglutinin (must be kept warm) Lipid profile ```
48
What can cause a vein to collapse?
Applying tourniquet too tight
49
Tests that should be protected from light
Bilirubin | Vitamin B12
50
Things that can cause falsely elevated potassium levels
Hemolysis | Using providone iodine
51
PPE that should be worn while aliquoting a blood specimen
Face mask and gloves
52
Chemistry department
Tests related to body chemistry | Ex: cholesterol, troponin, HDL
53
Hematology department
Tests related to blood count
54
Pathology department
Tests related to tissue samples
55
What should be included on injury log when a needlestick occurs?
Department where injury occurred Type and brand of device that caused it Brief explanation of what happened
56
Procedure for CPR on infant
30 compressions, 2 inches deep (3.8cm) | 2 rescue breaths
57
Order that contaminated PPE should be taken off
Most contaminated comes off first 1) Gloves 2) Goggles 3) Gown 4) Mask
58
What should be included in quality control record?
Date of battery change
59
Classes of fire
Class A: materials like wood, paper and cloth Class B: liquids like paint, oil and gas Class C: electrical equipment Class D: metals like sodium, magnesium and titanium

Phlebotomy (1 decks)

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