Phonetics Flashcards
(77 cards)
1
Q
P
A
P: bilabial M: plosive V: Voiceless
2
Q
B
A
P: bilabial M: plosive V: voiced
3
Q
M
A
P: bilabial M: nasal V: voiced
4
Q
W
A
P: velar M: glide V: voiced
5
Q
F
A
P: labiodental M: fricative V: voiceless
6
Q
V
A
P: labiodental M: fricative V: voiced
7
Q
θ
A
P: interdental M: fricative V: voiceless
8
Q
ð
A
P: interdental M: fricative V: voiced
9
Q
T
A
P: alveolar M: stop V: voiceless
10
Q
D
A
P: alveolar M: stop V: voiced
11
Q
N
A
P: alveolar M: nasal V: voiced
12
Q
S
A
P: alveolar M: fricative V: voiceless
13
Q
Z
A
P: alveolar M: fricative V: voiced
14
Q
R
A
P: palatal M: liquid V: voiced
15
Q
L
A
P: alveolar M: liquid V: voiced
16
Q
ʃ
A
P: palatal M: fricative V: voiceless
17
Q
tʃ
A
P: palatal M: affricate V: voiceless
18
Q
ʒ
A
P: palatal M: fricative V: voiced
19
Q
dʒ
A
P: palatal M: affricate V: voiced
20
Q
j
A
P: palatal M: glide V: voiced
21
Q
K
A
P: velar M: stop V: voiceless
22
Q
g
A
P: velar M: stop V: voiced
23
Q
ŋ
A
P: velar M: nasal V: voiced
24
Q
h
A
P: glottal M: fricative V: voiceless
25
Dentalization
change in place of articulation, resembles a tooth
26
Palatalization
change in place of articulation, /j/ is a palatal sound
27
Velarization
change in place of articulation, resembles a V for velar
28
Lateralization
change in place of articulation, appears to have a snake wrapped around an /l/
29
Partial Devoicing
change in voice, (o) it looks like a degree sign " To a degree they're devoicing"
30
Partial Voicing
lowercase "v" for voiced
31
Labialization
"w" begins with lip rounding
32
Nonlabialization
smiling arrows
33
Aspirated
"Stahhhhp it, Ron"
34
Unaspirated Stop
no audible release, it looks like a cap so there's a cap on that sound so you can't hear it
35
Syllabic
resembles a pimp cane
36
Alveolar Flap
it look like a flag pole
37
Glottal Stop
it almost looks like a G but the the STOP's too soon
38
Raised tongue
vowels, horizontal line shows where vowel should be, vertical line shows where it is
39
Lowered Tongue
vowels, horizontal line shows where vowel should be, vertical line shows where it is
40
Advanced tongue
vowels, opposite of raised and lowered, vertical line shows where vowel should be, horizontal line shows where it is
41
Retracted Tongue
vowels, opposite of raised and lowered, vertical line shows where vowel should be, horizontal line shows where it is
42
Nasalized Vowel
resonance, imagine air waves flowing out through the nose
43
Primary Stress
suprasegmental, ' Primary wears the hat
44
Secondary Stress
, Secondary wears a shoe
45
Lengthening
think of a vertical ellipsis, you're waiting for them to stop the sound
46
Shortening
greater than symbol under the sound >
47
Syllable Boundaries
jump over the stone (period) to next syllable
48
/u/
used in the word "true"
49
Weak Syllable Deletion
when the weak syllable of a word is deleted, banana-nana, giraffe-raffe, mastered at age 4
50
Reduplication
The syllable of a target word is repeated which creates a multi-syllabic word form. when a complete or incomplete syllable is repeated, messy-meme, bottle-baba mastered at age 3
51
Final Consonant Deletion
when a voiced consonant at the end of a word is substituted with a voiceless, bus-bu, pig-pic mastered at age 3
52
Cluster Reduction
When a consonant cluster is reduced to a single consonant, plane-pane, please-peas, mastered by 5
53
Coalescence
When 2 phonemes are substituted with a different phoneme that still has similar features, spoon-foon,
54
Epenthesis
When a sound is added between 2 consonants, typically the 'uh" sound. blue-bu.lue mastered by 8
55
Diminutization
A "ee" and sometimes a consonant + to a target dog-doggy
56
Migration
ski-kis
57
Metathesis
Spaghetti-pseghetti
58
Valar Fronting
Velar sound substituted with alveolar sounds mastered at 3.5 years
59
Palatal Fronting
A palatal sound (k, g) is replaced with an alveolar sound (t, d ,s) EX: shoe-su, mastered at 3.5 years
60
Stopping of Fricative
A fricative (s, z, f, v, Th's, h, sh, and zh as in measure) is replaced with a stop (b, p, d, t, g, k)
61
Stopping of Affricates
An affricate (dʒ, tʃ )is substituted with a stop (b, p, d, t, g, k) mastered by 5 years
62
Deaffrication
When an affricate (ch, dz as in judge) is replaced with a fricative (s, z, f, v, Th's, h, sh, zh in measure) or stop (b, p, d, t, g, k) mastered by age 4, chips-ships
63
Gliding
A liquid sound (r, l) is replaced with a glide sound (w, y)
64
Cluster Simplification (reduction)
Some or all parts of a cluster are deleted or substituted can total or partial cream-cweam
65
Fricative Simplification
thumb-fumb
66
Alveolarization (Alveolar Assimilation)
When a non-alveolar sound is changed with a alveolar sound ( t, d, n, l, s, z) can be total or partial. Mastered at 5 years, tot for top, Tod for top
67
Vocalization
A a syllabic liquid is replaced with a vowel. This is also referred to as a vowelization EX: apple-apu
68
Labialization/ Labial Assimilation
A sound is changed to a labial sound (b, p, m, w) because of another labial sound in a word, can be total or partial. Mastered by age 6, sun-fun, tie-pie
69
Stopping of Liquids
Changing of a liquid (w, l) for a stop (p, b, d, t, g, k) lamb-damb
70
Backing
an alveolar sound (t, d, s, z, n, l ) is replaced with a velar (k, g, ng, w) or palatal sound (sh, dg, ch, j, r)
71
Depalatization
a palliative fricative (sh and zh as in measure) is replaced with an alveolar fricative (s, z)
72
final consonant deletion
A consonant or consonant cluster is left off the end of a word, Can happen on words that end with a vowel or consonant, ma for mom, boo for books
73
Initial consonant deletion
the first single consonant or consonant cluster at the beginning of a word is not said, own for phone, indo for window
74
Velar Assimilation
a non-velar sound is changed to a velar (k, g, ng) sound. kuck for cup, cug for cup
75
Nasal assimilation
non-nasal sound is changed to a nasal because of another nasal sound in the word, mom for mop, mon for mop
76
Prevocalic Voicing
voiceless sound that comes before a vowel is changed to a voiced sound
77
Postvocalic Voicing
a voiced stop, fricative, or affricate that follows a vowel is changed to a voiceless sound
