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linguistics > Phonetics > Flashcards

Phonetics Flashcards

1
Q

Phonetics

A

study of speech sounds creation and their representation by letters.

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2
Q

What are the 3 reasons for phonetic study?

A
  1. a more formal description of speech sounds in native and foreign languages
  2. comparison between sounds
  3. improvement in pronunciation
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3
Q

Articulatory phonetics concerns…

A

how sounds are produced using the articulators.

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4
Q

Acoustic phonetics concerns…

A

speech signals (waves) produced during speech and transmission of speech through the air.

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5
Q

Auditory phonetics concerns…

A

how speech sounds are perceived by the listener.

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6
Q

What are the three systems of body organs responsible for the production of sound?

A
  1. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
  2. PHONATORY SYSTEM
  3. ARTICULATORY SYSTEM
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7
Q

The RESPIRATORY SYSTEM consists of…

A

lungs, the diaphragm, bronchial tubes and trachea

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8
Q

The PHONATORY SYSTEM consists of…

A

the larynx and vocal cords

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9
Q

The ARTICULATORY SYSTEM consists of…

A

active and passive articulators situated above the glottis

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10
Q

The passive articulators are…

A

upper lip, upper teeth, lower teeth, roof of the mouth, pharynx

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11
Q

The active articulators are…

A

the lips, the tongue (tip, blade, front, back, root)

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12
Q

The function of the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM is…

A

providing stream of air necessary for sound production

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13
Q

The function of the PHONATORY SYSTEM is…

A

providing the passage of air and helping the process of swallowing

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14
Q

Egressive sound

A

sound produced during air exhalation

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15
Q

Ingressive sound

A

the sound produced during air inhalation

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16
Q

The sounds can be voiced or voiceless depending on…

A

the position of vocal chords.

17
Q

Consonants

A

eggresive sound accompanied by obstruction or friction in the articulators

18
Q

Where is the place of articulation in BILABILAS?

A

both lips - p, b, m, w

19
Q

Where is the place of articulation in DENTALS?

A

tongue tip and upper lip/teeth - “th” sounds

20
Q

Where is the place of articulation in LABIODENTALS?

A

upper teeth and lower lip - f, v

21
Q

Where is the place of articulators in ALVEOLARS?

A

tongue front and alveolar ridge - t, d, z, s, n, r, l

22
Q

Where is the place of articulation in PALATAL-ALVEOLARS?

A

the tongue and the front of the palate [ʃ], [ʒ], [tʃ], [dʒ] - dż sounds

23
Q

Where is the place of articulation in PALATALS?

A

the tongue in the middle of the palate [j]

24
Q

Where is the place of articulation in VELARS?

A

the back of the tongue and the velum [k], [g], [ŋ]

25
Q

Where is the place of articulation in GLOTTALS?

A

open glottis, no active participation of other articulators [h]

26
Q

Which sounds are STOPS and what characterizes them?

A

the complete stopping of air stream [p], [b], [t], [d], [k], [g]

27
Q

Which sounds are FRICATIVES and what characterizes them?

A

fricative stricture [f], [v], [θ], [ð], [s], [z], [ʃ], [ʒ], [h]

28
Q

Which sounds are AFFRICATIVES and what characterizes them?

A

stopping and friction [tʃ]choke, [dʒ]joke

29
Q

Which sounds are NASALS and what characterizes them?

A

velum lowered, air escapes through the nasal cavity [m], [n], [ŋ]

30
Q

Which sounds are APPROXIMANTS and what characterizes them?

A

approximant stricture [w], [j], [h]

31
Q

Which sounds are LIQUIDS?

A

[l], [r]

32
Q

Which sounds are GLOTTAL STOPS and what characterizes them?

A

vocal cords are closed ([ʔ])

33
Q

What articulation is in FLAPS?

A

tip of the tongue against the upper part of the mouth [ɾ]

34
Q

Vowels

A

the most sonorant and audible sounds, nucleons of the syllable, oral sounds

35
Q

Depending on what can vowels be classified?

A
  1. the position of the tongue -> high, mid, low
  2. the position of the mandible (żuchwa) -> open, close
  3. the part of the tongue -> front, central, back
  4. the shape of the lips -> rounded, unrounded
36
Q

Monophong

A

single vowel sounds within a syllable

37
Q

Dipthong

A

two vowel sounds combined within a syllable

38
Q

Triphong

A

three vowel sounds combined within a syllable

linguistics (11 decks)

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