Phonetics Chapter 2 ENG 211

Question 1

Diphthong

Answer 1

A complex vowel, composed of a sequence of two different configurations of the vocal organs.

Question 2

Coda

Answer 2

In a syllable, any consonant(s) that occur in the rhyme, after the nucleus.

Question 3

Formant

Answer 3

Resonant frequency that amplifies some groups of harmonicas above others; appears as a dark band on a spectrogram.

Question 4

Friction

Answer 4

A turbulent,hissing mouth noise that is produced by forming a nearly complete obstruction of the vocal tract. The opening through which the air escapes is very small, and as a result a turbulent noise is produced.( See also Fricative).

Question 5

Glide

Answer 5

Sound produced with a constriction in the vocal tract that is only slightly more constricted than that of vowels.

Question 6

Glottal ( Speech Sound)

Answer 6

Sounds produced at the larynx.

Question 7

Intonation

Answer 7

Commonly refers to the pattern of pitch movements across a stretch of speech such as a sentence. The meaning of a sentence can depend in part on the intonation contour of the sentence. ( See also Pitch Accent and Edge Tone.)

Question 8

Manner of Articulation

Answer 8

Term used to refer to how the airstream is modified by the articulators in the vocal tract to produce a sound.

Question 9

Monophthong

Answer 9

A simple vowel, composed of a single configuration of the vocal organs.( See also Diphtong.)

Question 10

Nasals ( Speech Sound) or Nasal Stop

Answer 10

Sound produced by making a complete obstruction of the airflow in the oral cavity and lowering the velum to allow air to pass through the nasal cavity, unlike oral stop.

Question 11

Nucleus

Answer 11

The core element of a syllable, caring stress, length, and pitch ( tone). It usually consists of a vowel or a syllabic consonant.

Question 12

Palatalized

Answer 12

A term used to describe the articulation of a sound which involves the tongue moving toward the hard palate.

Question 13

Pharynx

Answer 13

The part of the oral tract above the larynx but behind the uvula. Commonly referred to as the throat.

Question 14

Segment

Answer 14

The individual units of the speech stream: segments can be further subdivided into consonants and vowels.

Question 15

Suprasegmental ( Feature)

Answer 15

A phonetic characteristic of speech sounds, such as length, intonation, tone, or stress, that “ rides on top of “ segmental features. Must usually be identified by comparison to the same feature on other sounds or strings of sounds. ( See also Segmental Feature.)

Question 16

Syllable

Answer 16

A unit of speech, made up of an onset and rhyme.

Question 17

Stress

Answer 17

A property of syllables; a stressed syllable is more prominent than an unstressed one, due to having greater loudness, longer duration, different pitch, or full vowels.

Question 18

Tone

Answer 18

Pitch at which the syllable of a word is pronounced; can make a different in meaning.

Question 19

Voicing

Answer 19

Vibration of the approximated vocal folds caused by air passing through them. When the vocal folds do not vibrate, a voiceless sound is produced.

Question 20

Aspiration

Answer 20

A puff of air that follows the release of a consonant when there is a delay in the onset of voicing. Symbolized by a superscript (e.g., {[p^h].