Phonetics rules

Question 1

/s/ is pronounced in the begin of words starting with:

Answer 1

”s”

Question 2

Short-words that start with /s/ are:

Answer 2

this, thus, us

Question 3

In the nouns use, exchase and in the adjectives loose, close we use…

Answer 3

/s/

Question 4

After a voiceless sound in gramamatical ends we use (plural cups, and genitive Kate’s)

Answer 4

/s/

Question 5

We use /z/ when spelling

Answer 5

“z” (prize)

Question 6

The short-words: as, is, has, was, his, hers, ours, yours, theirs, does these, those, use…

Answer 6

/z/

Question 7

In the verbs use, excuse, lose, close, we use…

Answer 7

/z/

Question 8

After a voiced sound in plurals (jobs) and the genitive (Lad’s) we use…

Answer 8

/z/

Question 9

After /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /tʃ/, /ʒ/, /dʒ/ we use…

Answer 9

/iz/

Question 10

-sure (leisure, measure, pleasure)

Answer 10

/ʒ/

Question 11

-sual (casual, usual, visual)

Answer 11

/ʒ/

Question 12

-sion (precision, decision, conclusion)

Answer 12

/ʒ/

Question 13

-ge (garage, massage)

Answer 13

/dʒ/, /ʒ/

Question 14

-ssure (pressure)

Answer 14

/ʃ/

Question 15

consonante+sure (censure)

Answer 15

/ʃ/

Question 16

-tion (mission)

Answer 16

/ʃ/

Question 17

consonant+-sion (mansion)

Answer 17

/ʃ/

Question 18

-scious (conscious)

Answer 18

/ʃ/

Question 19

-cious (precious)

Answer 19

/ʃ/

Question 20

clear /l/ in RP is used…

Answer 20

In front of vowels and /j/

Question 21

AE uses dark /l/

Answer 21

in all positions

Question 22

Linking is when you…

Answer 22

speaks words together, as if they are one. (avoid hiatus)

Question 23

linking /r/ example:

Answer 23

Far away vs fa(r)

Question 24

intrusive /r/ is when…

Answer 24

you add /r/ that DOES NOT EXIST before vowel sounds to avoid hiatus

Victoria (r) and Albert museum

Question 25

If the sound following an article is a vowel we use... (articles)

Answer 25

/an/, /ði/

Question 26

if the sound following an article is a consonant we use... (articles)

Answer 26

/a/, /ðɚ/

Question 27

Assimilation is when...

Answer 27

consonant sounds that are next to each other become more similar. It can be progresive or regressive.

Question 28

Regressive assimilation is when...

Answer 28

You change the previous sound type to match the next (ex: bat man). Alveolar consonants (t, d, n) take the place of articulation of ths sound that follows, becoming bilabial before /p, b, m/, velar before /g, k/

Question 29

Progressive assimilation is when...

Answer 29

You change the next sound type to match the previous one (ex: what is /iz/ becomes what's /s/)

Question 30

elision

Answer 30

Word-final /t, d/ before a consonant, are often dropped in rapid specially. Especially common in unstressed syllables and monosyllabic words. exemple: /neks dei/

Question 31

function words are normally...

Answer 31

unstressed

Question 32

content words are normally...

Answer 32

stressed

Question 33

Function words are normally pronounced as (strong or weak form)

Answer 33

weak form

Question 34

Function words carry stress when (2 options):

Answer 34

They appear last in a clause You want to emphasise them

Question 35

words with 2 or 3 syllables are often stressed...

Answer 35

In the first syllable ('animal, 'elegant, 'indicate)

Question 36

long words (four or more syllables) are often stressed...

Answer 36

Antepenultime rule: stress on third syllable from end. Ca'tastrophy, a'nalysis, inter'mediate

Question 37

VERBS with prefix are stressed on...

Answer 37

On the first syllable AFTER the prefix. to in'sult, to re'cord, to ob'ject

Question 38

NOUNS with prefix are stressed on...

Answer 38

The prefix itself. an 'insult, a 'record, an 'object

Question 39

Words with ROMANCE suffixes are stressed..

Answer 39

word final stress. Tange'rine, Roma'nesque, refe'ree

Question 40

'ic(s) and i/e + vowel sound with consonant are stresssed on...

Answer 40

the syllable before the suffix. sta'tistics, ener'getic, ma'terial, fa'miliar

Question 41

-ry, and -ny words are stressed...

Answer 41

on the fourth syllable form the end: vo'cabulary, 'matrimony

Question 42

Secondary stress normally appears...

Answer 42

two syllables before the main stress.

Question 43

Double stress occurs in... | (6 items)

Answer 43

1. numerals ('four'teen) 2. adjectival compounds ('absent'minded, 'good-'looking) 3. first element of words that describe location ('up'stairs, 'week'ends) 4. place name, but not streets ('Hyde 'Park) 5. Nationality words in -ese ('Japa'nese) 6. "made of" compounds ('clay'pot, 'gold 'chain)

Question 44

Difference between those two exemples is that... 'English teacher 'English 'teacher

Answer 44

first is a compound (someone who teaches English)

Question 45

Declarative sentences carry rising or falling tone?

Answer 45

Falling. NB: if you use rising tone in statements you sound uncertain, as if you are asking a question

Question 46

WH-questions carry rising or falling tone?

Answer 46

Falling. NB: if you use rising tone you may sound overly interested and impolite.

Question 47

Normal exclamations carry rising or falling tone?

Answer 47

Falling tone.

Question 48

Normal commands such as "Don't play with your food" carry rising or falling tone?

Answer 48

Falling tone. NB: you can use rising tone to sound polite or inviting.

Question 49

Tag questions asking for confirmation and making comments like "that wouldn't help, would it?) carry rising or falling tone?

Answer 49

Falling tone. NB: used when being ironic.

Question 50

A sincere "thank you" carry rising or falling tone?

Answer 50

Falling tone. NB: raising tone means a routine thanks.

Question 51

Normal yes/no questions carry rising or falling tone?

Answer 51

Rising tone. NB: A falling tone in offers is impolite and uninterested.

Question 52

Enumarations and questions with alternatives carry rising or falling tone?

Answer 52

Raising, except the last one, which is a rising tone: Do you prefer maths /, physics /, history /, or PE ↘︎?

Question 53

Adverbials clauses precending a main cluse such as "just as I was leaving, ...." carry rising or falling tone?

Answer 53

Falling. Main clause carries rising.

Question 54

Tag questions asking for information carry rising or falling tone?

Answer 54

Rising tone. NB: A falling tone indicates disappointment.

Question 55

"Please" at the end to indicate politeness carry rising or falling tone?

Answer 55

Raising tone. NB: Falling tone is rude, demanding.