Phonological Disorders Flashcards by Madison Tellez

Place Manner and Voice of phonemes /p,b/
Age of acquisition

/p/ Bilabial, Stop, Voiceless
/b/ Bilabial, Stop, Voiced

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Place Manner and Voice of phonemes /t,d/
Age of acquisition

/t/ Alveolar, Stop, Voiceless
/d/ Alveolar, Stop, Voiced

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Place Manner and Voice of phonemes /k,g/
Age of acquisition

/k/ Velar, Stop, Voiceless
/g/ Velar, Stop, Voiced

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Place Manner and Voice of phonemes /f,v/
Age of acquisition

/f/ Labiodental, Fricative, Voiceless
/v/ Labiodental, Fricative, Voiced

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Place Manner and Voice of phonemes /θ ‘thigh’ ð ‘they’/
Age of acquisition

/θ/ Dental, Fricative, Voiceless
/ð/ Dental, Fricative, Voiced

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Place Manner and Voice of phonemes /s,z/
Age of acquisition

/s/ Alveolar, Fricative, Voiceless
/z/ Alveolar, Fricative, Voiced

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Place Manner and Voice of phonemes /ʃ ‘show’, ʒ ‘viSion/
Age of acquisition

/ʃ/ Postalveolar, Fricative, Voiceless
/ʒ/ Postalveolar, Fricative, Voiced

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Place Manner and Voice of phonemes /h/
Age of acquisition

/h/ Glottal, Fricative, Voiceless

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Place Manner and Voice of phonemes /tʃ ‘chew’, dʒ ‘jaw’/
Age of acquisition

/tʃ/ Postalveolar, Affricate, Voiceless
/dʒ/ Postalveolar, Affricate, Voiced

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Place Manner and Voice of phoneme /m/
Age of acquisition

/m/ Bilabial, Nasal, Voiced

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Place Manner and Voice of phoneme /n/
Age of acquisition

/n/ Alveolar, Nasal, Voiced

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Place Manner and Voice of phoneme /ŋ ‘sing’/
Age of acquisition

/ŋ/ Velar, Nasal, Voiced

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Place Manner and Voice of phoneme /l/
Age of acquisition

/l/ Alveolar, Lateral/Liquid, Voiced

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Place Manner and Voice of phonemes /r/
Age of acquisition

Postalveolar, Rhotic/Liquid Voiced

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Place Manner and Voice of phonemes /w/, /j/ ‘yes’
Age of acquisition

/w/ Bilabial/Velar, Glide, Voiced
/j/ Palatal, Glide, Voiced

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Height, Advancement, Tense/Lax, Roundedness of vowel /i/

Example word

high, front, tense, unrounded

Key

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Height, Advancement, Tense/Lax, Roundedness of vowel /ɪ/

Example word

high, front, lax, unrounded

w(i)n, craz(y)

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Height, Advancement, Tense/Lax, Roundedness of vowel /e/

Example word

mid, front, tense, unrounded

reb(a)te

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Height, Advancement, Tense/Lax, Roundedness of vowel /ɛ/

Example word

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mid, front, lax, unrounded

red

Height, Advancement, Tense/Lax, Roundedness of vowel /æ/

Example word

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low, front, lax, unrounded

had

Height, Advancement, Tense/Lax, Roundedness, Stress of vowel /ə/

Example word

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mid, central, lax, unrounded, unstressed

(a)bout

Height, Advancement, Tense/Lax, Roundedness, Stress of vowel /ʌ/

Example word

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mid, central, lax, unrounded, stressed

bud

Height, Advancement, Tense/Lax, Roundedness, Stress of vowel /ɚ/

Example word

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mid, central, lax, rounded, unstressed

butt(er)

Height, Advancement, Tense/Lax, Roundedness, Stress of vowel /ɝ/

Example word

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mid, central, tense, rounded, stressed

bird

Height, Advancement, Tense/Lax, Roundedness of vowel /u/ Example word

high, back, tense, rounded moon

Height, Advancement, Tense/Lax, Roundedness of vowel /ʊ/ Example word

high, back, lax, rounded wood

Height, Advancement, Tense/Lax, Roundedness of vowel /oʊ/ Example word

high-mid, back, tense, rounded (o)kay

Height, Advancement, Tense/Lax, Roundedness of vowel /ɔ/ Example word

low-mid, back, tense, rounded law

Height, Advancement, Tense/Lax, Roundedness of vowel /ɑ/ Example word

low, back, tense, unrounded cod

Onset vs. Coda What is the peak and nucleus?

Onset: precedes the vowel (S)it Coda: follows the vowel Si(t) Peak: is the vowel Nucleus: ????

Define Final Consonant Deletion Approx. age of elimination

The coda is omitted Beep→ bee 3yrs

Define Weak Syllable Deletion Approx. age of elimination

Usually at the beginning of the word Potato -> teto 4yrs

Define Consonant Cluster Reduction Approx. age of elimination

Consonant cluster is reduced to one member of the cluster Stop -> top 4yrs w/out /s/ 5yrs w/ /s/

Define Consonant Cluster Simplification

There is still a cluster but will be changed to a sound that is easier for the child Brown→ bwown

Define Epenthesis Approx. age of elimination

A segment, usually [ə], is inserted, usually between two consonants in a cluster Black → Bulack 8yrs

Define Metathesis

Reversal of 2 segments in a word (same sounds in a different order) Basket → Bakset

Define Assimilation Approx. age of elimination

One sound in a word causes other sounds around it to become more like it Bus → bub 3yrs

Define Velar Fronting Approx. age of elimination

Velar sounds are produced in front (anterior) to the velum, usually as alveolar sounds Key -> ti 3.5yrs

Define Stopping Approx. age of elimination

Fricatives and/or affricates are replaced by stops Sun → Tun /f,s/ 3yr /v,z/ 3.5yrs /sh, ch, j/ 4.5yr /th/ 5yr

Define Gliding Approx. age of elimination

When /r/ becomes a /w/ When /l/ becomes a /w/ or y sound Rabbit --> Wabbit Yello --> yeyo 6yrs

Define Vocalizations (Vowelizations)

Adding a vowel (typically /o/) to the end of a word Car→ Cao

Define Deaffrication Approx. age of elimination

Affricates (ch & j) are replaced by fricatives (sound made by air that comes through a narrow space= f, v, sh, s, z, th) Chips --> Ships 4yrs

Define Prevocalic Voicing Approx. age of elimination

Voiceless consonants are replaced by their voice counterpart Paper→ Bapo 6yrs

Define Devoicing of Final Consonants Approx. age of elimination

Voiced consonants in the final position are produced as voiceless Dog → Dok 3yrs

Factors related to speech sound disorders

○Otitis Media with Effusion ○Speech sound perception disorders ○Oral myofunctional disorders (tongue thrust, malocclusion, lip insufficiencies, finger sucking…) ○Intelligence ○Personality and psychosocial factors

Treatment consideration when selecting targets

■Types of patterns ■Effect on intelligibility ■Stimulability ■Age of Acquisition ■Error Consistency: Start with sounds that are inconsistently errored (they produce correctly sometimes)

Phonological Disorders Flashcards

(46 cards)